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Genetics 133 - Genetics in the News Quiz One and Two with 100- correct answers 2025
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Genetics 133 - Genetics in the News Quiz One and Two with 100- correct answers 2025
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Genetics 133 - Genetics in theNews Quiz One and Two with
100% correct answers 2025
Allele - answer one of the the different forms/variants of a gene
Amino acids - answer The building blocks of proteins; amino acids linked
together by peptide bonds make up proteins
Ancestry Informative Markers - answer SNPs that are characteristic of
distinct human populations, and therefore can be used to asses
geographic ancestry
Annealing - answer The pairing of complimentary DNA strands to form
double-stranded DNA. This also refers to formation of DNA-RNA double-
stranded helices. Would not have genetics of genomics without this
action.
Antiparallel - answer refers to the opposite polarities of the two strands
in a DNA double helix
Autosome, autosomal - answer Autosomal chromosomes (also known as
autosomes) are all chromosomes other than sex chromosomes. Human
diploid cells contain 22 autosomal chromosomes plus two sex
chromosomes (XX in females; XY in males).
Bacteriophage - answer (phage - A virus that infects bacteria
Base pairings - answer Attractive chemical interactions between specific
bases of polynucleotides. Such interactions stabilize the double-stranded
structure of DNA.
,What are the base pairings? - answer A (Adenine) with T (Thymine) and G
(Guanine) with C (Cytosine) in DNA
A (Adenine) with U (Uracil) in RNA
U (Uracil) - answer A single-stranded polynucleotide
Central Dogma - answer DNA encodes RNA and RNA encodes Protein. The
central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic
information in cells from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) to protein. It
states that genes specify the sequence of mRNA molecules, which in turn
specify the sequence of proteins.
Chromosome - answer A continuous DNA molecule encompassing a linear
array of genes and intergenic sequences. Humans have 23 chromosome
pairs.
Cloning (gene) - answer The production of many copies of a gene or
specific DNA sequence.
Cloning vector - answer The plasmid or phage DNA used to carry and
propagate the cloned DNA
Coding regions - answer The coding region of a gene is that portion of a
gene's DNA or RNA, composed of eons, that codes for protein.
Codon - answer A sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that
corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein
synthesis.
Codominant - answer This situation where the heterozygous phenotype
intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes.
Competence - answer The ability to take up extracellular DNA.
, Complementary - answer Refers to the specific base pairing between
adenine and thymine, and between guanine and cytosine. In RNA, uracil
takes the place of thymine in pairing with adenine.
Complex Traits - answer A trait for which multiple genes contribute, and
thus exhibiting complex inheritance.
Conjugation - answer The mating of two bacterial cells during which
chromosomal or plasmid DNA is transferred from the donor to the
recipient cell.
Conjugative Plasmid - answer A plasmid that confers the ability to
conjugate (maleness).
Cytoplasmic Inheritance - answer In eukaryotes, the non-Mendelian
inheritance of genes located outside the nucleus, transmission of
mitochondrial or chloroplast DNA.
Decode - answer Converting information contained in DNA and RNA base
sequence to that of amino acid sequences in protein. Messenger RNAs are
decoding by ribosomes and tRNAs in the process of translation.
Diploid - answer A cell or organism that contains two complete sets of
chromosomes, having received one set from each parent. For sexually
reproducing species, most cells of the body are diploid. Only gametes
(reproductive cells) are haploid.
Dizygotic Twins - answer Fraternal twins who share ~50% genetic
identity, the same as other siblings.
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) - answer The double-stranded nucleic acid,
genes consist of DNA segments whose base sequences encode the
information to produce specific RNAs and proteins.
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