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Certified Exercise Physiologist ACSM Exam With Accurate Solutions
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Certified Exercise Physiologist ACSM Exam WithAccurate Solutions 2024-2025
What are the three types of muscle? -Answer Smooth, Cardiac, Smooth
What is the role of the prime movers (agonists)? -Answer Agonist, active, eccentric, and
a major force of specific movement.
What is the role of the antagonists? -Answer Oppose prime movers, stretch reflex and
includes active relaxation.
What is the role of the synergist? -Answer Cross multiple joints, prevents unwanted
action and known as a fixator & anatagonist.
What is the role of the fixator? -Answer Stabilizer of proximal joints.
Describe the Sliding Filament Theory. -Answer Describes how muscles produce force
and contractions take place that shorten the muscle. The thick filaments are myosin and
the the thin filaments are actin. Both filaments are within the sarcomere and slide past
one another, therefore shortening the entire length of the sarcomere.
Troponin - What is Trp? Answer Controls Trm, regulated by Calcium, and is involved in
the cross-bridging cycle.
What is Tropomyosin (Trm)? - Answer Controlled by Trp, covers myosin binding sites
and inhibits muscle contraction.
Isometric contraction-What is it? - Answer Same distance, no movement, no changes in
muscle length.
,Isotonic contraction-What is it? - Answer Same tension, depends on direction of
movement and length changes depends on concentric vs eccentric.
What is an isokinetic contraction? Same speed, contracts maximally, full ROM and
increases muscle length.
What is a static exercise? Isometric, high strength and intensity, stationary.
What is a dynamic exercise? Isotonic, active ROM, slow & control movement,
continuous movement.
Differentiate the following from one another: concentric vs eccentric? Concentric
-Shortening, contraction
Eccentric -Lengthening, relaxation.
Type 1 Fiber - Answer Slow, oxidative fibers, tonic, aerobic exercise, resistant to fatigue
and primarily used in distance runners.
Type 2A Fiber - Answer Intermediate, 1/2 oxidative 1/2 anaerobic, 75% fatigue resistant
and used for intermediate sports.
Type 2X Fiber - Answer Fast,'Phasic', lots of glycogen, quick to fatigue, little
mitochondria, capillaries and myoglobin primarily used by sprinters.
What muscle type has a mix of fiber types? - Answer Skeletal.
One motor unit contains how many fiber types? -Answer One.
If you train your body in a certain way some _________ fiber types can become more type
,1 or 2x depending on training. -Answer Type 2.
What is the Golgi Tendon Organ? -Answer The muscle messenger, connects the muscle
to the mind, and gives locomotion direction.
What is the autogenic inhibition/inverse stretch reflex? -Answer Reflex inhibition of a
motor unit in response to excessive tension in the muscle fibers it supplies.
What is IB Afferent? -Answer It is the sensory axon innervating GTO and carries a signal
to the spinal cord.
What is the contract-relax technique? -Answer A proprioceptive technique to inhibit
muscle spasm. The target muscle engaged in an isometric contraction and then relaxed.
Musculotendonous Junction represents what? -Answer The place in which the muscle is
joined by the tendon - GTO Location.
Explain Parkinson's Disease. -Answer A degenerative disorder of CNS that often impairs
an individual motor functioning, speech, etc.
How does the Myostatic Stretch Reflex work? -Answer When the muscle spindle is being
stretched and the impulse is also immediately received to contract, it is protecting the
muscle from being pulled forcefully or beyond normal ROM.
-Contracted synergist & inhibited antagonist
What is the sagittal plane? -Answer -Makes left/right sides.
-Flexion/Extension
Difference b/w flexion and extension. -Answer Flexion: decreases angle at the moving
joint.
, Extension: opposite movement; increases the angle at joint.
What is the frontal plane? -Answer -Make front/back sides.
-Abduction/Adduction
Difference b/w abduction and adduction. -Answer Abduction: away from central body
line.
Adduction: moving towards central body line.
What is the transverse plane? -Answer -Makes top/bottom.
-Rotation (internal/external, pronation/supination)
Difference b/w pronation and supination. -Answer *Specialized movements of the ankle
and forearm.*
Pronation: downwards
Supination: upwards
Difference b/w eversion and inversion. - Answer *Specialized movements of the ankle
and forearm.*
Eversion: turn foot outwards
Inversion: turn foot inwards.
Anatomical neutral position. - Answer Upright, legs together, knees straight, toes
forward, arms by side and palms upwards.
Circumduction. - Answer It is a combo of all movements involving shoulder, hip, wrist
and ankle.
Protraction. - Answer Forward projection of a facial structure.
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