Physical Activity - Answer Any bodily movement produced by contracting skeletal
muscles, with an increase in energy expenditure.
Exercise - Answer Planned, purposeful, repetitive
Physical Fitness - Answer Attributes or characteristics that individuals have achieved
that related to their ability to perform physical activity
3 metabolic pathways the body uses to creates ATP - Answer 1. Creatine Phosphate
2. anaerobic glycolysis
3. 0xidative system
Claudication - Answer pain in the leg is induced by exercise, usually because of an
artery obstruction.
Creatine Phosphate system - Answer Small amounts of CP are stored within each cell.
Simple one-to-one trade off that allows for the rapid production of ATP. ONLY for use
during short bouts of exercise. less that 10 seconds.
Anaerobic glycolysis - Answer No oxygen required. NExt most immediate energy
source. break down carbs (glucose or glycogen) into pyruvate. Used during
medium-duration exercise. no more than about 90 seconds.
,Aerobic glycolysis (oxidative system) - Answer Oxygen dependent. As exercise intensity
decreases allowing for longer duration activities, use of the oxidative system increases.
(Krebs cycle and ETC). Produce ATP in the mitochondria of the cell--requires oxygen.
Lasts longer than 1-2 minutes.
What is VO2? - Answer The volume of oxygen the body consumes. VO2 max is the
highest volume of oxygen the body can consume.
Stroke Volume- the amount of blood ejected by the heart in one beat
SV= EDV x ESV
end diastolic volume
end systolic volume
How does SV increase with workload?-Similar to HR, it increases as workload increases
but only up to ~40% to 60% of VO2max. The percentages can be decreases in sedentary
individuals and increased with training.
What happens to resting HR as stroke volume increases? -Answer it goes down,
because the more blood being pumped with each beat, the less frequent the heart has
to beat.
What is cardiac output? -Answer the volume of blood pumped from the heart by each
ventricle in one minute. The product of stroke volume and heart rate.
Q(L/min)= HR (bpm) x SV (mL/beat)
What happens to Diastolic Blood pressure during exercise? - Answer Remains stable or
slightly goes down.
,What is rate pressure product? - Answer is an estimation of myocardial oxygen demand.
Product of HR and Systolic BP. RPP=HR X SBP
What is the Fick equation to find VO2 max? - Answer VO2 = Q x (a - VO2 diff)
What is considered the gold standard to measure Cardiorespiratory fitness? -Answer
The VO2 max during open circuit spirometry.
How does a submaximal exercise test work? -Answer It estimates the VO2 max from the
HR response to submaximal single stage or graded exercise.
absolute oxygen consumption vs. relative oxygen consumption -Answer absolute is the
raw volume of O2 consumed by the body.
Relative, the volume of O2 consumed relative to body weight. Useful to compare fitness
levels between individuals.
One of the largest components of PA-related energy expenditure? - Answer
Occupational Physical Ativity
5 Health related physical fitness components - Answer Cardiorespiratory endurance,
body composition,
muscular strength,
muscular endurance,
and flexibility
6 Skill (performance) related physical fitness components - Answer Agility,
coordination, balance, power, reaction time, and speed
cardiorespiratory endurance - Answer capability of circulatory system and respiratory
, system to supply o2 during sustained physical activity
Body composition - Answer relative amounts of muscle, fat, bone, and other vital parts
of the body
Muscular strength - Answer Ability of muscle to exert force
muscular endurance - Answer ability of muscle to continue to perform without fatigue
range of motion - Answer ROM at a joint. according to the skeletal muscles and not any
external forces.
agility - Answer ability to change position of the body in space with speed and accuracy
coordination - Answer ability to use the senses together with body parts to perform
tasks smoothly and accurately
balance - Answer maintenance of equilibrium while stationary OR moving
reaction time- Time elapsed between stimulation and the beginning of the reaction to
said stimulus
speed-Ability to perform a movement within a short period of time
ACSM's weekly/daily physical activity recommendations 150 minutes Moderate PA per
week (30 min or more most days of the week), 75 minutes of vigorous intensity
Can most sedentary people start a low-to moderate intensity PA Program safely without
baseline testing or medical clearance? Yes indeed
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