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Human Bio Final Exam Study Sharp Questions and Answers
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Human Bio Final Exam Study Sharp Questions and Answers
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Human Bio Final Exam Study SharpQuestions and Answers
Cell Theory - Answer--Cell is the basic unit of life
-All living things are made up of cells
-New cells arise only from pre-existing cells
Plasma Membrane - Answer--Outer membrane that regulates what enters and leaves
the cell
-Boundary between the outside and inside of the cell
Selectively Permeable - Answer--Allows certain molecules to enter and exit
-Composed of a phospholipid bi-layer with attached or embedded proteins
Fluid Mosaic Model - Answer--Based on the changing location and patterns of protein
molecules in a fluid phospholipid bi-layer
Diffusion - Answer--Movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower
concentration
(Passive Transport)
Tonicity - Answer--The osmotic characteristics of a solution across a particular
membrane
Isotonic - Answer--Same concentration of nondiffusible solutes and water on both sides
of plasma membrane
-The same concentration inside of the cell
-Iso = Same
Hypertonic - Answer--Lower concentration of solutes and lower concentration of water
outside the cell than inside the cells
-Water flowing out of the cell so it will shrink. The cell will shrink because there's higher
concentration inside the cell compared to outside
-Water is leaving to get salt
, Hypotonic - Answer--Lower concentration of solutes and higher concentration of water
outside the cell than inside the cell
-Water rushing into the cell because there's high concentration of water outside the cell
-The cell will expand and gets huge
-Greater salt concentration inside the cell
Facilitated Transport - Answer--Use of a plasma protein membrane carrier to move a
substance into or out of a cell from a higher to lower concentration
-No energy required (Passive transport)
Active Transport - Answer--Use of a plasma membrane carrier to move a substance into
or out of a cell from lower to higher concentration
-Energy is required, usually ATP
-Glucose Needs facilitated transport
Endomembrane System - Answer--A series of membrane organelles that function in the
processing of materials for the cell and includes:
-Nuclear Envelope
-Endoplasmic Reticulm
-Golgi Apparatus
-lysosome
-Vesicles
Endoplasmic Reticulm - Answer--Is continuous with the nuclear envelope, and consists
of a membranous system of saccules and channels
Rough ER - Answer--Studded with ribosomes on side of membrane that faces
cytoplasm
-Proteins are synthesized by ribosomes and enter ER interior
-Where initial processing and modification of proteins begins
Smooth ER - Answer--Continuous with Rough ER, but no ribosomes
-Synthesizes phospholipids and has other functions
Functions of the Cardiovascular System - Answer--Contraction of heart generates blood
pressure; moves blood
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