blinking in response to corneal stimulation by a cotton wisp
Cranial Nerve VII
Facial - controls most facial expressions & secretion of tears & saliva & taste
cranial nerve VIII
Vestibulocochlear (hearing and balance)
cranial nerve IX
Glossopharyngeal
cranial nerve IX and X
ability to identify sour and bitter tastes on each side of the tongue. Test gag
reflex and ability to swallow.
Inspect palate and uvula for symmetry with speech sounds and gag reflex.
Observe for swallowing difficulty. Evaluate quality of guttural speech sounds
(presence of nasal or hoarse quality to voice).
cranial nerve XI
spinal accessory
how to test cranial nerve XI?
shrug shoulders and rotate head against resistance
cranial nerve XII
Hypoglossal
how to test cranial nerve XII?
inspect tongue in mouth and while protruded for symmetry, tremors,
atrophy. Inspect tongue movement toward nose and chin. Test tongue
, Solution 2024/2025
Pepper
strength with index finger when tongue is pressed against cheek. Evaluate
quality of lingual speech sounds (l, t, d, n).
achilles reflex tests....
plantar flexion of foot
DTR 0
no response
DTR 1+
sluggish or diminished
DTR 2+
active or expected response
DTR 3+
more brisk than expected, slightly hyperactive
DTR 4+
brisk, hyperactive with intermittent or transient clonus
clonus
rapidly alternating involuntary contraction and relaxation of a muscle in
response to sudden stretch
extension of the elbow tests for....
triceps reflex
triceps reflex
C7-C8
Kernig's sign
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