NUR 2063 Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam
2 Review Study Guide
1. What are the three stages of AKI presentation?
Answer
- Prodromal
- Oliguric
- post-oliguric
2. Causes of chronic kidney disease
Answer
- Outcome of progressive and irrevocable loss of functional nephrons.
- Due to kidney not recovering
• Can lead up to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) which requires dialysis
3. Risk Factors of chronic kidney disease
Answer
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Recurrent pyelonephritis
- Polycystic kidney disease
- History of exposure to toxins
- Age over 65
- Ethnicity (African American male higher risk)
4. complications of chronic kidney disease
Answer
- hypertension and cardiovascular disease
9. Bone and mineral disorders
Answer
Elevated phosphorus and PTH causes altered bone/mineral metabolism.
Kidneys are unable to reabsorb calcium (body steals calcium from parts of the body)
10. Malnutrition
Answer
- Decreased intake, depression, and dietary limitations (De- creased salt, protein and potassium)
11. Anemia
, Answer
- Lack of erythropoietin (produces new RBC), uremia shortens RBCs life
12. Pain
Answer
- Many reasons; disease itself, treatment, comorbidities
13. Depression
Answer
- Comorbid conditions; disease itself; disruption of social interac- tions and relationships
14. Urge Incontinence
Answer
- Sudden need to void with an involuntary leakage of urine If it happens at night (nocturia) it is
called overactive bladder
15. Stress Incontinence
Answer
- Small amounts of urine are voided involuntarily when there is an increase in intraabdominal
pressure. (More common in women following childbirth; Can occur with coughing, sneezing
and lifting heavy objects)
16. Neurogenic bladder
Answer
From a disruption of nervous communication that controls micturition.
Seen in individuals with stroke, Parkinson's, MS, and spinal cord injuries.
17. Functional Incontinence
Answer
- Secondary to physical or environmental limitations such as not getting to the toilet in time.
18. Mixed Incontinence
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller gradexam. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $15.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
