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PSY 200 MSU Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024 Update 100% Solved.
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PSY 200 MSU Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024 Update 100- Solved.
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PSY 200 MSU Exam 1 Questions and Answers2024 Update 100% Solved
Cognitive Psychology - ANS ✔✔ - The study of the mind, the study of mental processes
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Mental Processes - ANS ✔✔ - -Perception
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-Attention
-Memory
-Language
-Deciding
-Reasoning
-Judgement
Machine Learning Attacks against the Asirra CAPTCHA - ANS ✔✔ - Computer attempt to recognize cats.
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Humans- 83.4% correct in one try ty ty ty ty ty
Machine- 10.3% correct in one try ty ty ty ty ty
Perspectives on the mind - ANS ✔✔ - Behavior --> The mind ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Brain -->The Mindty ty
Behavior - ANS ✔✔ - -Main focus of cognitive psychology
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-Expression of the mind ty ty ty
Brain - ANS ✔✔ - -Main focus of cognitive neuroscience
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-Physical basis of the mind ty ty ty ty
History of cognitive psychology - ANS ✔✔ - -Physics begain in the 1600 with Galilei and newton in the 1600s
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-Modern Chemistry began in the 1700 with Boyle and Lavoiser
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-Beginning of cognitive psychology is somewhere in the 1800s.
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-It is a young field because no one knew where to begin
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Early work - ANS ✔✔ - innovations and debate on whether and how to even measure mental processes
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Introspection - ANS ✔✔ - 1st attempt to measure the mind. ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
-It is a way of measuring the mind.
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Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) - ANS ✔✔ - Analytic introspection
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-Systematic
-Highly trained observers ty ty
Periodic Table of the Mind - ANS ✔✔ - Finds the basic sensations (atoms) from which experiences are built
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William James (1842- 1910) - ANS ✔✔ - Based on his own insights on introspection
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-His method of introspection was to use himself. It was how he thought of thing; he was the experimental subject.
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-Deep thinker; not systematic
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Problems with introspection - ANS ✔✔ - -Hard to get reproducible results
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-Variability
-List of basic sensations did not agree
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-Not objective <-- Psychology struggles with objectivity
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,Common Characteristics (early more objective approaches) - ANS ✔✔ - They link a mental process to a physical ( measurable)
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property
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Franciscus Donders (1818-1889) - ANS ✔✔ - How long (physical property) does it take to make a decision (mental process)
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1st Condition Ex. "Whether a spot is on the left or the right"
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2nd condition ex. "Dot on the left, knock"
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Donders Reasoning - ANS ✔✔ - -Response time to be minus response time to a: how long it takes to make this decision
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-We are discussing this because he is an early researcher aiming to objectively measure mental processes.
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Hermann Ebbinghaus (1815-1909) - ANS ✔✔ - How fast do memories fade? ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
- He measured how long it took to memorize all sequences in a list...then waited a while...Then measured how long it took to
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re-learn them.
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-used himself as an experiment subject ty ty ty ty ty
-We are discussing him because he is an early researcher aiming to objectively measure mental processes
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-Physical= change in savings over time ty ty ty ty ty
-mental= memory ty
Ernest Weber (1795-1878) ty ty ty
Gustav Fechner (1801-1887) - ANS ✔✔ - Quantifying perceptionty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
-Said the larger the quantity (e.g weight, size), the larger the change in that quantity needs to be to be noticed
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-Mental= Perception ty
-Physical= Quantity (length ty ty
Weber Fechner Law - ANS ✔✔ - Still a well known law in psychology
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Experimental Science - ANS ✔✔ - Where the mind appeared to be moving to ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Behaviorism (The reason for the gap) - ANS ✔✔ - -The mind is not observable, only behavior is. According to this, the mind is
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irrelevant.( Input--> Output relationship)
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-Researchers inferred about the mind but directly observed only behavior ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
-Defined as the study of the relation between the behavior and the environment
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Behaviorists - ANS ✔✔ - Push cognitive science back out of experimental science ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
Pavlov's Dogs - ANS ✔✔ - Important inspiration for behaviorism ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
-classical conditioning pairs with a neutral and non neutral stimulus ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty ty
John Watson's Little Albert Experiment - ANS ✔✔ - The idea that humans are shaped by their input
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Behaviorist discard introspetion - ANS ✔✔ - introspection is only concerned with the mind
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Behaviorism led to a great increase in the understanding of types of learning - ANS ✔✔ - -skinner box
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-classical conditioning stimulus ty ty
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B.F Skinner - ANS ✔✔ - Operant conditioning (pigeon in a skinner box)
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Operant conditioning - ANS ✔✔ - pairs a behavior with a non-neutral stimulus
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