Anatomy NBME Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
A homeless man has a 3-month history of decreased a-peptide, generalized wasting, low grade
fever , worsening cough productive of blood, mucopurulent sputum. He has a 3-year history of
alcohol abuse. Xray films of the chest show consolidation an...
A homeless man has a 3-month history of decreased a-peptide, generalized wasting, low grade
fever , worsening cough productive of blood, mucopurulent sputum. He has a 3-year history of
alcohol abuse. Xray films of the chest show consolidation and cavitary lesions in the apices of
the lungs. Which of the following is most likely inflammatory and/or immune response in the
lung?
A. Endothelial cell proliferation, vascular budding, fibroblasts
B. Epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant cells, caseation necrosis
C. Fibroblasts, collagen deposition, replacement of intrinsic tissue
D. Macrophages, lymphocytes, hypergammaglobulinemia
E. Neutrophils, vascular congestion, exudate - answer✔B. Epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant
cells, caseation necrosis
82 year old man comes to the physician for evaluation of chest pain. He lives with his daughters
family. He has numerous welts and abrasions and appears to be malnourished. He says his diet is
fine. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in patient care?
A. confront his family about the abuse
B. enroll the family in family counseling
C. notify social services of potential abuse
D. place him in a nursing home
E. refer him to a residential community - answer✔C. notify social services of potential abuse
67 year old woman has the sudden onset of dyspnea and chest pain and dies within minutes.
Stage IV ovarian cancer was diagnosed 1 year ago, and she has been bedridden for 2 months.
Which of the following is most likely to be found on autopsy?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Deep venous thrombosis
C. Dissecting aortic aneurysm
D. Renal papillary necrosis
E. Rupttured berry aneurysm - answer✔B. Deep venous thrombosis
45 year old man has a 6-month history of burning pain that begins in the epigastric area and
ascends into the chest. Episodes occur most frequently after large meals and at night. Endoscopic
examination shows moderately severe inflammation in the distal 3cm of the esophagus. Which of
the following is the most likely cause of this condition?
A. Diffuse spasm of the esophageal musculature
B. Failure of the lower sphincter to relax after a swallow
C. Helicobacter pylori infection
D. Hypersection of gastric acid
E. Inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter - answer✔E. Inappropriate
relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter
45- year old woman has an acute coronary occlusion. Within seconds, the ischemic region shows
mitochondrial swelling and depletion of glycogen granules. Which of the following metabolic
events is most likely cause of these cellular changes?
A. Accumulation of free fatty acids
B. ATP depletion
C. Degradation of membrane phospholipid
D. Efflux of K+
E. Influx of Na+ - answer✔C. Degradation of membrane phospholipid
65-year old man dies of bronchopneumonia. He has a 6-year history of progressive loss of facial
expression, tremors, rigidity, and slowing of voluntary movement. At autopsy, loss of pigmented
cells is noted in the substantial nigra. Which of the following additional abnormalities is most
likely to be present?
A. Eosinophilic inclusions in neurons of the substantial nigra
B. Loss of neurons in the caudate nuclei
C. Microglial nodules and multinucleated giant cells in the white matter
D. Neurofibrillary tangles in the cortical neurons
E. Viral inclusions in the oligodendrocytes - answer✔A. Eosinophilic inclusions in neurons of
the substantial nigra
50 year old man has a 10-year history of poorly controlled hypertension. Vital signs are:
Pulse 96/min
Respirations 16/min
Bp of left arm 226/120 mmHg
Bp of right arm 218/118mmHg
With the patient in the left lateral decubitus position, a late diastolic sound is heard best with the
bell at the apex. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for this auscultatory
finding?
A. Aortic insufficiency
B. Aortic stenosis
C. Mitral insufficiency
D. Mitral stenosis
E. Opening snap
F. Pulmonic insufficiency
G. Pulmonic stenosis
H.S3
I.S4
J. Tricuspid insufficiency - answer✔I.S4
in gout, hyperuricemia resulting from overproduction of urate is most likely to result from a lack
of feedback inhibition by ADP or GDP at which enzyme?
A. Adenosine deaminase
B. Dihydrofolate reductase
C. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase
D. Nucleotide phosphorylase
E. Phosphoribosylprophosphate synthetase - answer✔E. Phosphoribosylprophosphate synthetase
a female neonate has profound hypotonia. the only known complication of pregnancy was
polyhydramnios. The mother has a lack of facial expression and weak muscles; she says she did
not have any problems as an infant or child. Which of the following best explains the difference
in presentations in the mother and child?
A. Anticipation
B. Delayed onset
C. Genetic heterogeneity
D. Incomplete penetrance
E. Pleiotropy - answer✔A. Anticipation
An alcohol-dependent 40 year old woman who is a health-care worker has had episodic
symptoms of hypoglycemia for the past year. During one of these episodes, plasma glucose
concentration is decreased, plasma insulin concentration is increased, and serum C-peptide
concentration is not detectable. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the
hypoglycemia?
A. acute hepatic failure
B. ingestion of a sulfonylurea
C. Pancreatic beta-cell neoplasm
D. Retroperitoneal fibrosarcoma
E. Surreptitious use of insulin - answer✔E. Surreptitious use of insulin
Double-stranded DNA can be denatured by heating and renatured by cooling. Renaturation under
conditions of high stringency has which of the following effects?
A. Considerable base mismatching is permitted
B. GC base pairing is promoted
C. GT base pairing is promoted
D. Mismatch DNA hybridization is preverted - answer✔D. Mismatch DNA hybridization is
preverted
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