Exam (elaborations)
PNUR 128 INP FINAL UNITS 1-12 TEST
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PNUR 128 INP FINAL UNITS 1-12 TEST...
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chain of infectioninfectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of
entry, susceptible host
Medical asepsis (clean technique)
practice used to remove or destroy germs and to prevent their spread
from one person or place to another person or place
surgical asepsis (sterile technique)
procedures to completely eliminate the presence of pathogens from
objects and areas
when do we wear gloves
coming into contact with bodily fluids, if you have a cut on your hands,
certain precautions
infectious control purposes
protecting clients from acquiring infections
protect the health care workers from becoming infected (our families)
effective infection control
consistent use of routine precautions with all residents/patients
recognition of infections requiring additional transmission based
precautions
notifying staff, visitors, other residents of precautions
timely reporting to public health
routine practices
risk assessment (travelled anywhere)
at admission and ongoing
risk reduction (hand washing, PPE)
education (educating about PPE)
ARO screening questionnaire
antibiotic resistant organism screening
admission screening for MRSA, VRE
isolation requirements
clients are room bound (anticipate loneliness)
specific procedures for PPE are followed
supplies stored outside the room
,protective/reverse isolations
client is at risk from pathogens around them (burn victims, bone marrow
transplants, AIDS, chemotherapy recipients
contact precautions does what
reduce direct transmission from contact with infectious organisms (found
on skin, mucous membranes, wounds, in bodily fluids of infected
individuals)
indirect precautions
organisms found on environmental object which an infected person has
touched
contact precautions
patient should be placed in private room
wear gowns and gloves when entering room if you anticipate contact
with patient or items in room
wash hands immediately after removing gloves
limit transport of patient to essential purposes
dedicate use of equipment to a single pt
ensure daily cleaning of patient care items, equipment, etc
droplet precautions
patient should be placed in a private room
wear a mask and visor when working within 2 meters or 6 ft of patient
limit patient transport, use surgical mask on patient during transport
avoid coughing with droplets from an infected person
via coughing, sneezing, talking, during procedures eg. throat swab,
tracheotomy suctioning
airborne precautions
patient must be placed in a private room with monitored negative air
pressure
keep both doors closed
wear an N95 respiratory when entering the room
limit patient transport to only essential purposes, use surgical mask on
patient during transport
PPE (personal protective equipment)
gloves
gowns
masks
eye protection
a comprehensive evaluation of the older adult
,requires not only physical data, but also biological, psychosocial,
functional aspects of the person
provides information critical to the development of plan of action that can
enhance personal health status, decrease the potential for chronic
conditions, assist the individual to gain control over health through self
care
assessmennt of the older adult requires the nurse to...
to listen patiently and to allow for pauses
to ask questions that are not often asked
to observe details
to obtain data from all available sources
recognize normal changes associated with late life that might be
considered abnormal in one who is younger
a comprehensive assessment involves
current symptoms and illnesses
current meds
relevant past illnesses
current and future living environment
objective measure of overall personal snd social function
current caregiver network
cognitive status
family situation
mobility
emotional health/substance abuse
nutritional status
disease risk factors
health promotion activities
health history: primary reason for visit
patient profile
past medical history
medication history
family history
social history
physical assessment
involves looking at the expected findings of the aging older adult
musculoskeletal system older adult changes
changes in spinen
structure and posture
, vertebral disks become thin, causing shortening of trunk
stooped, slightly forward bent posture common
thermoregulation (temperature regulation) expected findings of older
adult
lower body temperature
risk for hypothermia and hyperthermia because of reduced
responsiveness to environmental changes of temperature
expected findings in gerontological nursing
decreased ability to develop adequate immunity after infection or
immunization
basal temperature of older adults is lower than younger adults
even low grade fever can signify serious illness
lack of fever cannot be used to rule out infection
functional assessment
the evolution of a person's ability to carry out basic self care tasks, and
other tasks to support independent living
identifying areas where the older adult needs additional support
score persons ability to do the task alone, need for assistance, or
inability to perform task
ratings are done by self report, proxy, observer
ADLS
Activities of Daily Living such as eating, dressing, bathing.
IADLS
instrumental activities of daily living such as finances, laundry, house
work
willingness to perform specific ADLS and IADLS are influenced by...
by social and cultural factors
mental health assessment
older adults are at risk for impairments in mental capacity
cognitive ability may be threatened by any disturbance in health,
homeostasis,
altered or impaired mental status may be first sign of physiological
disturbance
assessment of cognitive functioning examples
MMSE, MoCA, mini-cog
assessment of cognitive functioning reasons/purposes
screening to determine absence of presence of judgement
monitoring to track cognitive status over time, response to treatment
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