NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology MidTerm 100% ACCURATE
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Course
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Institution
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - ANSWER Type 1: Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to mast cell degranulation
Local symptoms:
-itching
-rash
Systemic symptoms:
-wheezing
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction
Main ...
NR507 Advanced Pathophysiology MidTerm
100% ACCURATE
Hypersensitivity: Type 1 - ANSWER Type 1: Allergic reaction, Mediated by IgE, Inflammation due to mast
cell degranulation
Local symptoms:
-itching
-rash
Systemic symptoms:
-wheezing
Most dangerous = anaphylactic reaction
systemic response of hypotension, severe bronchoconstriction
Main treatment: epinephrine reverses the effects
Hypersensitivity: Type 2 - ANSWER Type 2: Cytotoxic reaction; tissue specific (ex: thyroid tissue)
Macrophages are the primary effectors cells involved
Can cause tissue damage or alter function
Grave's disease (hyperthyroidism) - example of altering thyroid function, but does not destroy thyroid
tissue
Incompatible blood type- example of cell/tissue damage that occurs; severe transfusion reaction occurs
and the transfused erythrocytes are destroyed by agglutination or complement-mediated lysis.
Type 1 Hypersensitivity VS. Type 2 Hypersensitivity - ANSWER Type 1 Hypersensitivity
Organ Specific
, Antibody binds to the antigen on the cell surface
Type 2 Hypersensitivity
Not Organ Specific
Antibody binds to the soluble antigen outside the cell surface that was released into the blood or body
fluids, and the complex is then deposited in the tissues
Hypersensitivity: Type 3 - Examples - ANSWER Rheumatoid arthritis: Antigen/antibodies are deposited in
the joints
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)- very closely related to autoimmunity- antigen/antibodies deposit in
organs that cause tissue damage
Hypersensitivity: Type 4 - ANSWER Delayed response
Does not involve antigen/antibody complexes like Types 1, 2 and 3
Is T-cell mediated
Differentiating Between the Rash of a Type 1 vs. Type 4 Reaction: - ANSWER Type 1: Immediate
hypersensitivity reactions, termed atopic dermatitis, are usually characterized by widely distributed
lesions
Type 4: Contact dermatitis (delayed hypersensitivity) consists of lesions only at the site of contact with
the allergen
The key determinant is the timing of the rash:
-Type 1 = Immediate
-Type 4 = Delayed: Several days following contact, ex would be poison ivy
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