Exam (elaborations)
PNUR 128 – ASSESSMENTS IN OLDER ADULTS / FALLS/ RESTRAINTS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PNUR 128 – ASSESSMENTS IN OLDER ADULTS / FALLS/ RESTRAINTS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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Assessments inform the development of care plans which can: -ANSWER · Enhance personal health status
· Decrease the potential for (or the severity of) chronic conditions
· Assist the individual to gain control over health through self-care
A comprehensive assessment includes: - ANSWER · Current symptoms
and illnesses and their functional impact
· Current meds
· Relevant past illnesses
· Recent and impending life changes
· Current and future living environment
· Objective measure of overall personal and social functionality
· Current caregiver network including its deficiencies and potential
· Objective measure of cognitive status
· Family situation and availability
· Objective assessment of mobility and balance
· Rehab status and prognosis
· Current emotional health and substance abuse
· Nutritional status and needs
· Disease risk factors, screening status, health promotion activities
· Service required and received
Skin age related changes - ANSWER -decreased turgor
-dehydration
-wrinkles
-decreased subcutaneous tissue
Hair and nail age-related change - ANSWER -thinning of scalp, axillary
and pubic hair
-nails grow more quickly
-nails may become thick and brittle
, -nose and ear hair thickens
-women may develop facial hair
Sensory age-related changes - ANSWER -visual field narrows
-depth perception is distorted
-pupils are smaller
-reduction in night vision
-production of tears decreases
-sense of smell decreases
-hearing loss
-threshold for pain and touch increases
-sense of physical position may be altered
-increased risk of falls
Musculoskeletal age-related changes - ANSWER -loss of overall mass,
strength, and movement of muscles
-tremors
-restricted range of motion
Cardiovascular age-related changes - ANSWER -systolic BP rises
-cardiac output decreases
-peripheral resistance increases
-capillary walls thicken
Respiratory age-related changes - ANSWER -continued loss of vital
capacity
-lungs become less elastic and more rigid
-chest diameter and residual volume increase
-blood oxygen decreases
GI age-related changes - ANSWER -decreased saliva production
-loss of salty and sweet taste buds
-gag reflex decreased
-intestines atrophy
-decreased peristalsis
-liver decreases in weight
-gallstones increase
-pancreatic enzymes decrease
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