Exam (elaborations)
PNUR 128 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
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PNUR 128 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS....
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Define: Clostridium Difficile (C. Dif)A bacteria that causes severe diarrhoea and colitis
Define: noro virus
a very contagious virus that causes vomiting and diarrhoea
Define: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
a bacteria that can cause staph infection and can be resistant to antibiotics
Define: Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE)
a type of bacteria that has developed resistance to many antibiotics
Define: Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)
an enzyme that breaks down many common antibiotics such as penicillin
making the drugs ineffective
Define: Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms (CPO)
A family of bacteria that are resistant to carbapenem antibiotics by producing an
enzyme that breaks down these antibiotics
The chain of infection is:
1)infectious agent,
2)reservoir,
3)portal of exit,
4)mode of transmission,
5)portal of entry,
6) susceptible host
Purpose of infection control:
,-protect clients from acquiring infections
-protect the healthcare worker from becoming infected
Whats involved in effective infection control?
1) consistent use of routine precautions with ALL residents and patients
2)recognizing infections requiring additional precautions
3)notifying volunteers, visitors, and residents of precautions
4)timely report to public health
What are routine practices for infection control?
1) risk assessment
2)risk reduction
3)education
the 5 moments of hand hygiene
1) before touching patient
2) before clean/aseptic procedure
3) after body fluid exposure risk
4) after touching patient
5) after touching patient surroundings
protective (reverse) isolation
methods used to protect certain patients from organisms present in the
environment
eg: burn victims, chemotherapy recipients, bone marrow transplants
Isolation Requirements
-clients are room bound
-specific PPE measures are followed
-supplies stored outside the room
Reduce Direct transmission from contact with infectious organisms (on skin,
mucous membranes, wounds, bodily fluids, of infected individuals)
Contact precautions
INDIRECT:
, organisms found on environmental object which an infected person has touched
Contact precautions include:
-pt should be placed in private room
-wear gloves when entering pt room
-wash hands immediately after removing gloves
-wear a gown in room when expected to come in contact with pt or items in
room
-limit transport of pt to essential purposes only
-dedicate use of equipment to a single pt
-ensure daily cleaning of pt-care items, equipment etc
droplet precautions include:
-Pt should be placed in private room
-wear mask + visor when coming within 6 ft of pt
-limit pt transport; pt wears surgical mask during transport
-avoid contact with droplets from an infected pt via coughing, sneezing, talking,
or during procedures (throat swabbing, tracheotomy, suctioning)
Airborne precautions include:
-pt should be placed in room with monitored negative air pressure
-keep door closed
-wear an N95 respirator when entering the room
-limit pt transport to only essential purposes, use surgical mask on pt during
transport
define comprehensive assessment of the older adult what does it include? what
does it provide?
-requires not only physical data but also an integration of the biological,
psychosocial, and functional aspects of the person
-provides information critical to the development of a care plan that can:
~enhance personal health status
-decrease the potential for (or the severity of) chronic health conditions
-assist the individual to gain control over health thru self care
assessment of the older adult requires what specific skills of the nurse?
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