What are the steps of the Water Use Cycle? - (correct answer) -Environment --> Water Treatment -->
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Water Distribution System --> Customer Use --> Wastewater Collection System --> Wastewater
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Treatment --> Environment
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What are the benefits of the collection system? - (correct answer) -- Removal of health hazards
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- Prevention of odors and flies
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- Cleanliness and appearance
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- Comfort and convenience
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Septic vs. Fresh wastewater? - (correct answer) -Septic wastewater doesn't contain dissolved oxygen
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and is difficult to treat. Fresh wastewater contains dissolved oxygen and is easier to treat, which
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results in higher quality effluent
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Inflow - (correct answer) -Surface runoff that enters the collection system
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Infiltration - (correct answer) -Groundwater that enters the collection system through holes, cracks, etc.
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What is the average domestic contribution to the collection system? (Per person/day) - (correct answer)
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-100 gallons per day
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What are the four wastewater characteristics? - (correct answer) -Physical, Chemical, Bacteriological,
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and Radiological
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Domestic wastewater is ___% water and ___% solids - (correct answer) -99.9% water, 0.1% solids
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Settleable solids - (correct answer) -Suspended solids that will settle when wastewater flow is still or
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slow moving
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What is the pH scale range? - (correct answer) -0 (most acidic) to 14 (most basic), 7 is neutral
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Does septic or freshwater have a lower pH? Why? - (correct answer) -Septic has lower pH due to
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volatile acids formed from wastewater decomposition
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What is Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)? When does it occur? - (correct answer) -A colorless, toxic, and
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flammable gas that resembles the smell of rotten eggs. It results from the bacterial breakdown of
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organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It is heavier than air.
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What is Methane? (CH4) What percentage of methane is in digester gas? - (correct answer) -A colorless,
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odorless, and highly flammable gas. Methane is an asphyxiant and is lighter than air. Digester gas
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contains 65% methane and is used for heating fuel or operating equipment.
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What is carbon dioxide? (CO2) - (correct answer) -A colorless, odorless gas that has a suffocating effect.
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When inhaled at higher than normal concentrations, it can produce a sour taste in the mouth and a
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stinging sensation in the nose and throat.
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, What is carbon monoxide? (CO) - (correct answer) -A colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas
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Why is oil and grease a concern if present in wastewater? - (correct answer) -It may cause explosions,
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fires, line blockages, and odor
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What are chlorides and why are excessive chlorides in wastewater bad? - (correct answer) -Excessive
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chlorides interfere with treatment processes, especially trickling filters. They also affect laboratory
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tests.
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What does the BOD test measure? - (correct answer) -It measures wastewater strength and the oxygen
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depleting effect of wastewater effluent on the receiving stream. Specifically, it indicates the amount of
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organic matter that can be oxidized by biological and chemical action in five days at 20 degrees
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Celsius.
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What are pathogens? What are two viral diseases that could be carried in wastewater? - (correct
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answer) -Polio and infectious hepatitis
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What are precautions individuals can take to protect against pathogens in the collection system? How
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do communities overall prevent waterborne disease? - (correct answer) -- Wear cut-resistant gloves
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- Wash after contacting wastewater
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- Do not eat or smoke around wastewater
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- Disinfect equipment with bleach
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- Well-maintained water system
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- Sanitary collection system
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- Well-operated wastewater treatment plant
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What is the purpose of wastewater treatment? - (correct answer) -- Dispose of solids
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- Destroy pathogens
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- Eliminate nuisances
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- Protect downstream users
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What is the state *law* regulating water pollution control in Texas? - (correct answer) -The Texas Water
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Code
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Who is the primary state *agency* having authority for water pollution control in Texas? - (correct
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answer) -The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ)
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How did the state get its authority to control water pollution? - (correct answer) -The Environmental
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Protection Agency (EPA) delegated that authority to the individual states.
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What is the EPA's primary wastewater legislation? - (correct answer) -The Federal Water Pollution
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Control Act of 1972. As amended in 1977, this law commonly became known as the Clean Water Act
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What did the Clean Water Act do? - (correct answer) -- Created pollution control programs
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- Made it unlawful to discharge a point source into navigable waters without a permit
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- Funded construction of wastewater treatment plants
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When can TCEQ revoke an operator's permit? - (correct answer) -If the operator:
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- violates the permit
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- falsifies records
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- states misleading information on the licensing application
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- or causes other violations
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What is an accidental discharge? When must TCEQ be notified about it? - (correct answer) -An act or
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omission through which waste or other substances are inadvertently discharged into water in the state.
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