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BPK 142 Lab Midterm Anthropometry Procedure complete exam tips Simon Fraser University
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BPK 142 Lab Midterm Anthropometry Procedure complete exam tips Simon Fraser University
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BPK 142 Lab Midterm Anthropometry Procedure complete exam tipSimon Fraser University
Measure all the anthropometric variables
Stretch stature (Height): Harpenden
Stadiometer
• The vertex is the highest point on the vault of the skull when the head is oriented in the Frankfort Plane
• Subject needs to be bare feet with feet together, arms naturally hanging at sides, with hells, buttocks,
upper back but not necessarily the rear of head in contact with wall. Then, the horizontal board of the
stadimeter is brought down until it makes firm contact with vertex
Weight: Calibrated beam balance weighing scale
• Measurement had to closest 0.1kg and with minimal
clothing Skinfolds: Caliper
• Triceps, Subscapular, Biceps, Iliac (Suprailiac crest), Supraspinal, Abdominal, Front Thigh, Medial Calf
• Subject should always be relaxed and folds are raised by measure’s fingers at designated sites.
• All readings are taken on right side of body and record to nearest 1mm
• Measurer grasp the folds with index finger and thumb of left hand and the back of hand always face
measurer and fingers are pointing down. The caliper is grasped in right hand with reading scale on
caliper facing upward.
• The jaws of the caliper are applied at right angles to the skinfold, one centimeter below the near
edge of the grasping fingers. Release the jaw pressure slowly and take the skinfold measurement
2-4 seconds after the pressure is released.
Girths: Anthropometric Tape
• Flexed arm, waist, maximum calf
• Apply tension to the tape sufficient to maintain its position but not tight enough to cause indentation
of the skin surface. Measure to the nearest 0.1 cm.
Bone widths: Modified sliding steel caliper
• Both the left and right limb should be measured and the largest measurement used for the
calculation of the Heath-Carter Somatotype.
Flexibility Testing
Sit and Reach
1. Have the subject prepare for this test by performing slow static stretching of the lower back and
,posterior thighs (modified hurdle stretch held for 20 seconds repeated twice on each leg)
2. To start, have the subject remove his or her shoes and sit down at the test apparatus with knees locked,
legs flat on the round, and feet six inches apart pressed firmly against the baseboard.
3. With legs fully extended, arms evenly stretched with palms down and hands together (one over the
other), subjects bend and reach forward. The cursor is pushed as far as possible along the scale with the
fingertips.
4. The position of maximum flexion must be held for approximately two seconds.
5. Advise the subject that lowering the head will maximize the distance reached.
6. If the knees flex, the trial is not counted. Do not attempt to hold the subject’s knees down. In addition,
do not allow any jerking or bouncing action.
,7. The test is repeated twice. Record both readings in Table 8-1 and record the maximum reading to the nearest 0.5
cm.
8. Refer to norms in Table 8-2. Use the highest score to determine the Health Benefit Rating.
Goniometry
Equipment: 12-14inch plastic universal goniometer
• Shoulder joint flexion: Place the center of the goniometer dial over the lateral aspect of the greater
tubercle and align the proximal arm of the goniometer parallel to the midaxillary line of the thorax
and align the moveable arm of the goniometer with lateral midline of humerus. Perform flexion at
shoulder joint by lifting humerus off the examining table, bringing the hand up over the subject’s head
• Shoulder joint extension: Arm should be in anatomical position with hand in semi pronated position
so palm of hand is facing towards subject’s body. Position shoulder in zero degrees of abduction,
adduction, and rotation. Place the center of goniometer dial over lateral aspect of greater tubercle.
Align stationary arm of goniometer parallel to midaxillary line of thorax and moveable arm of
goniometer with lateral midline of humerus. Perform extension at shoulder joint by lifting humerus
off examining table.
• Hip joint Flexion: Place the subject in the supine position with the knees extended and both hips in
zero degrees of abduction, adduction, and rotation. Place the center of the goniometer dial over the
lateral aspect of the hip joint using the greater trochanter of the femur for reference. Align the
stationary (proximal) arm of the goniometer with the lateral midline of the pelvis. Align the distal
(moveable) arm of the goniometer with the lateral midline of the femur using the lateral epicondyle
as a reference Perform flexion at the hip joint by lifting the thigh off the examining table. Allow the
knee to flex passively to lessen tension in the hamstring muscles. Maintain the leg in neutral
abduction and adduction during the motion
• Hip Joint extension: Place the subject in the prone position with the knees extended and both hips in
zero degrees of abduction, adduction, and rotation. Place the center of the goniometer dial over the
lateral aspect of the hip joint using the greater trochanter of the femur for reference. Align the
stationary (proximal) arm of the goniometer with the lateral midline of the pelvis Align the distal
(moveable) arm of the goniometer with the lateral midline of the femur using the lateral epicondyle
as a reference. Perform extension at the hip joint by raising the lower extremity off the examining
table. Maintain the knee joint in extension throughout the movement. Maintain the leg in neutral
abduction and adduction during the motion
• Knee Joint Flexion: Place the subject in the supine position with the knee in extension and the hip in
zero degrees of abduction, adduction, and extension. Place the center of the goniometer dial over
the lateral epicondyle of the femura) Describe a procedure - anthropometry, flexibility testing,
muscle testing. Align the distal (moveable) arm of the goniometer with the lateral midline of the
fibula using the lateral malleolus and fibular head for reference. The examiner puts their hand on
the subject’s ankle. Instruct the subject to flex her hip joint to 90 degrees, while the examiner
moves the knee into flexion
• Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion: Identify the lateral epicondyle of the femur and the lateral malleolus as
shown in Figure 8-15. Instead of using the lateral epicondyle of the femur as a landmark, it may be
easier to use the head of the fibula. Place the subject sitting with the knee flexed to 90 degrees, and
the foot in zero degrees of inversion or eversion Place the center of the goniometer dial over the
lateral aspect of the lateral malleolus. Align the stationary (proximal) arm of the goniometer with the
lateral midline of the fibula using the head of the fibula or lateral epicondyle of the femur for
reference. Align the distal (moveable) arm of the goniometer parallel to the fifth metatarsal Use one
, hand to move the foot into dorsiflexion by lifting up on the bottom of the foot (Figure 8- 17). The
examiner may have to exert a considerable amount of force to overcome the passive resistance calf
muscles and Achilles tendon
• Ankle joint plantar Flexion: Place the subject sitting with the knee flexed to 90 degrees, and the foot
in zero degrees of inversion or eversion. Stabilize the tibia and fibula to prevent knee flexion and hip
rotation. Place the center of the goniometer dial over the lateral aspect of the lateral malleolus. Align
the stationary (proximal) arm of the goniometer with the lateral midline of the fibula. Align the distal
(moveable) arm of the goniometer parallel to the fifth metatarsal. Push downward with one hand on
the top of the foot to produce plantar flexion.
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