NR 507 Final EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS 2024 LATEST UPDATE
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Course
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Institution
NR 507 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Which of the following is true regarding a complicated urinary tract infection? - ANSWER Can be caused by a structural urinary tract disorder
Which of the following is a risk factor for the development of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? - ANSWER Pregnancy
A symptom of a lower urinary tract i...
A 25 year- old female presents to the primary care office with urinary burning and frequency for the last
3 days. She denies any fever, chills, back pain. Her gynecological history is negative and reports no
vaginal discharge. The only new information reported is that she recently had sexual intercourse with a
new male partner.
,The NP obtains a urinalysis and determines that the urine contains leukocytes, RBCs, nitrites, and WBCs.
No casts are identified. Based on symptom presentation and UA results, the patient can be diagnosed
with: - ANSWER cystitis
J.S. is an 80 -year-old patient who resides in a local nursing home. He recently became confused and
then fell while ambulating to the bathroom three days ago. Because of his confusion and fall, he was
transferred to the acute care facility for evaluation and treatment. Lab work revealed that the patient
was very dehydrated with hypernatremia identified and appropriate intravenous fluids started. Cystitis
was also identified from the urinalysis. He was also noted to have red and excoriated skin between the
buttocks and inner thighs due to urinary frequency and dribbling. To help with skin healing and to
prevent further urine leakage, an indwelling catheter was inserted. Two days after the catheter was
placed, the patient spiked a fever of 102 degrees Fahrenheit associated with shaking chills. An intense,
foul odor was noted in the urine. On examination of the flank area, the patient yelled out when touched.
A urine c - ANSWER pyelonephritis
Identify the major risk factor J.S. has that is associated with pyelonephritis: - ANSWER indwelling foley
catheter
The urinalysis of a patient with a complicated UTI will show WBCs and casts - ANSWER true
Upon examination of a urinalysis, the NP can highly suspect that the causative bacteria are gram
negative because of the presence of: - ANSWER nitrites
A 21-year-old patient reports to the primary care clinic complaining of urinary urgency, frequency and
burning. She also reports a small amount of vaginal discharge that contains an odor. It is likely that the
NP will perform a vaginal exam at this visit. - ANSWER true
The NP would know that the patient most likely has an uncomplicated UTI because: - ANSWER The UTI
responds well to a short course of antibiotic therapy.
A common organism that causes a urinary tract infection include: - ANSWER Staphylococcus
saprophyticus.
E coli
, The purpose of straining in BPH is to overcome the obstruction encountered during urination. - ANSWER
true
The peripheral zone of the prostate is the largest zone. - ANSWER true
Renal stones are formed when calcium and oxalate in the urine combine. - ANSWER true
Renal calculi are typically confined to the bladder. - ANSWER false
The most common type of stone is: - ANSWER calcium stone
The gold standard for diagnosing a renal stone is a urinalysis. - ANSWER false (ct scan)
A 45-year-old male presents to the primary care office with right flank pain that he describes as
unremitting; he also reports nausea and vomiting. The NP performs an exam and observes him writhing
in pain on the exam table with the inability to find a comfortable position. He is afebrile, BP 156/88
mmHg and HR 106/min. Right flank is mildly tender on palpation. Abdominal exam is negative for any
abnormality. A urinalysis was performed and revealed 1+ blood. Urine microscopy also revealed 10-20
RBCs per high-power field (hpf). A kidney stone is suspected. The patient reports no prior history of a
kidney stone. After providing the patient an analgesic, where the patient reported mild relief, the NP had
the patient transferred to the emergency room for intravenous fluids, pain management and further
work-up for the kidney stone. Upon follow-up in the office a week later, the patient reported that he was
diagnosed with - ANSWER adequate hydration
balanced diet
Lithotripsy is an invasive procedure used to break up the stone - ANSWER false
The most common stone found in the patient with gout is: - ANSWER uric acid stone
Hematuria can be seen with kidney stones because: - ANSWER The stone injures the urinary structures
as it passes through them.
Renal colic is caused by the passing of the stone through the ureter. - ANSWER true
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