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NR547 final questions and answers rated A+ 2025/2026
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NR547 final questions and answers rated A+ 2025/2026
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NR547 final1946 - ANS-With the passage of the National Mental Health Act (NMHA) of 1946, psychiatric
nursing was recognized as one of the four core disciplines in psychiatric care and treatment
(American Nursing Association [ANA], 2014). The act increased funding for psychiatric nursing
education programs and contributed to a growth in university-based nursing education.
1954 - ANS-, the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing was established at Rutgers
University by Hildegarde Peplau to prepare nurse therapists. The first advanced practice
nursing role was the psychiatric-mental health clinical nurse specialist (PMHCNS) role.
1963 - ANS-The 1950s brought a transition towards deinstitutionalization in care for those with
mental illnesses, which led to an increase in the number of psychiatric patients receiving care in
the community rather than hospitals. The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963
allowed for the expansion of the PMHCNS role into community and ambulatory settings as they
helped those who had been deinstitutionalized adapt (ANA, 2014).
1965 - ANS-Loretta Ford, RN and Henry Silver MD introduce the nurse practitioner role.
1973 - ANS-ANA first published Standards of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Practice in
1973.
1980s - ANS-Over time, research turned towards the neurobiological basis for mental illness.
With advances in psychotropic medications, psychopharmacology has played an increased role
in treatment. In the 1980s, states began to grant prescriptive authority to APRNS, adding
medication prescribing and management to the traditional therapy role of the PMH APRN.
2000s - ANS-Certification exams for adult and family PMHNPs developed. These exams were
retired in 2015when psychiatric certification exams were combined to a single
Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurse Practitioner (Across the Lifespan) Certification (PMHNP-BC).
APRN Recommendations - ANS-Pyramid (Top to bottom)
Specialty
Population foci
Role
APRN
Graduate Core
Early 20th Century - ANS-Early psychiatric nurses were trained by physicians; however, in 1913,
Effie Jane Taylor developed the first nurse-organized training course for psychiatric nursing at
Johns Hopkins Hospital.
In the 1950s, Rutgers University - ANS-awarded the first graduate degree in psychiatric-mental
health nursing. The psychiatric mental health clinical nurse specialist was the first master's
prepared advanced practice nursing role.
Late 19th Century - ANS-In the late 19th century, reform movements led to changes in beliefs
about the role of mental asylums in the treatment of mental illness. Focus shifted from restrictive
custodial care to treatment. Dr. Edward Cowles created the first organized training school within
a hospital for the insanein 1882.
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