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Biological Anthropology chapter 4 Exam with correct Answers
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Biological Anthropology chapter 4 Exam with correct Answers
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Biological Anthropology chapter 4 Examwith correct Answers
Demes - Answers -reproductive Isolation, and Species.
Evolution - Answers -is about groups of potentially reproducing organisms.
a change in the genetic makeup (allele frequency) of a population from one generation
to the next.
Deme refers - Answers -to members of a species that produce offspring.
The Gene pool is referred - Answers -to all the genetic material within a population.
The term species refers - Answers -to the populations and their members that are
capable of breeding with each other and producing viable, fertile offspring.
Species are defined - Answers -on the basis of reproductive isolation.
Gene pools - Answers -in population genetics studies change over time (or the lack of
it).
Hardy-Weinberg Law - Answers -testing the Conditions of Genetic Equilibrium.
Genetic change in populations - Answers -It is a method for studying.
Gene frequencies at a locus - Answers -remain the same, If no change is occurring
within the population.
Evolution is happening - Answers -within the population if change is occurring.
Mutation - Answers -The Only Source of New Alleles, also only source of new genetic
information.
The only possible source of new, unique, genetic material.
Mutation - Answers -any heritable change in the structure or amount of genetic material.
most likely to have significant evolutionary consequences sex cells.
Different types:
Point, frameshift, transposable elements
Spontaneous mutations - Answers -have no known cause.
, Induced mutations are caused - Answers -by environmental agents (mutagens).
Most mutations are harmless.
Natural Selection - Answers -advantageous Characteristics, Survival, and Reproduction.
Based on Darwin's principle - Answers -that individuals with advantageous
characteristics will survive and reproduce in higher numbers (reproductive success)
Patterns of Natural Selection - Answers -i. Directional selection
favors an extreme form of a trait.
ii. Stabilizing selection
favors the average form of a trait.
iii. Disruptive selection
favors individuals at both extremes.
Natural Selection in Animals - Answers -the Case of the Peppered Moth and Industrial
Melanism.
Numerous examples exist for natural selection animals - Answers -such as the sea
dragon and the much studied peppered moth.
The peppered moth - Answers -ii. the best evidence of natural selection documented.
iii. was found in England.
iv. had two forms, light and dark peppered moth.
As pollution covered trees in the moths' habitat - Answers -the lighter peppered moths
were more easily preyed on by birds and the darker form became more prevalent.
In the 1970s, stricter pollution laws again changed the moths' habitat - Answers -the
darker form became the easier prey; the lighter form became more common.
Natural Selection in Humans - Answers -abnormal Hemoglobins and resistance to
Malaria.
The Hemoglobin S gene causes - Answers -sickle-cell anemia in humans.
Individuals with the SS genotype suffer from - Answers -sickle-cell anemia, an illness
fatal without medical intervention.
The Geography of Sickle-Cell Anemia - Answers -possible association with malaria.
the S gene - Answers -20-30% of people living in equatorial
Africa have it.
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