Exam (elaborations)
MS1 - ABG's AND DIABETES EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
- Course
- Institution
MS1 - ABG's AND DIABETES EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
[Show more]
Content preview
MS1 - ABG's AND DIABETES EXAM QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS
What is the normal range for blood pH?
7.35-7.45
Acids _____ hydrogen ions, bases ______ hydrogen ions
release, accept
What is the pH range people can survive?
7 - 7.8. Above or below this is fatal
What is a normal range for PACO₂?
more basic 35 <------> 45 more acidic
What is a normal range for HCO₃?
more acidic 21 <-----> 28 more basic
What are some causes of respiratory acidosis?
Low and slow breathing (ineffective gas exchange) - anything that causes the
body to retain PCO2: opiates, sleep apnea, COPD, asthma attack, alcohol
intoxication, brain stem injury, pneumonia, bronchitis
What are some causes of respiratory alkalosis?
Rapid breathing - anything that blows off TOO MUCH CO2: hyperventilation
caused by panic (fear, anxiety), pain, stress, high altitude, pregnancy, fever,
some drugs and medications
What are some causes of metabolic acidosis?
Diarrhea (the intestines are alkalotic, so losing bicarbonate through diarrhea can
cause acidosis), kidney failure, diabetic ketoacidosis
What are some causes of metabolic alkalosis?
Vomiting, NG tube suction pulling acid out of stomach, steroid use, thiazide
diuretic use
, What happens to potassium and calcium levels in acidosis
They go up
What are some S/S of respiratory acidosis?
Shallow breathing, low BP, cyanosis, headache, hyperkalemia, dysrhthmia,
drowsiness, dizziness, muscle weakness
What are some nursing diagnoses related to respiratory acidosis?
Impaired gas exchange
Risk for injury (related to confusion, dizziness)
Ineffective breathing pattern
Ineffective tissue perfusion
What are some S/S of metabolic alkalosis
Dysrrhythmias (due to hypokalemia), weakness, muscle cramping, hyperactive
reflexes, tetany, convulsions, confusion
What are some S/S of metabolic acidosis?
Headache, low BP, hyperkalemia, muscle twitching, warm, flushed skin,
nausea, vomiting, Kussmaul respirations
How is blood for an ABG test drawn?
A respiratory therapist (usually) draws the blood from an artery (radial or
femoral) or an RN can draw it from an arterial line. A special heparinized
syringe is used.
What is the "Allen Test"?
A test used to assess the arterial blood supply of the hand, used whenever a
nurse or respiratory therapist is planning to draw blood from the radial or ulnar
artery.
What is the main buffer in the body?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller luzlinkuz. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67866 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now