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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) GI EXAM 3 | COMPLETE ANSWERS 100% CORRECT $17.99   Add to cart

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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) GI EXAM 3 | COMPLETE ANSWERS 100% CORRECT

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NUR 406 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) GI EXAM 3 | COMPLETE ANSWERS 100% CORRECT

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  • October 26, 2024
  • 51
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • NUR 406 GI E
  • NUR 406 GI E
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NUR 406 GI Exam 3
1. GI tract AKA


alimentary canal

2. mouth


reservoir for chewing and mixing of food with saliva

3. tast buds

chemoreceptors that detect,

- salty
- sour
- bitter
- sweet

4. olfactory nerve CN1


taste and smell

5. how many permanent teeth do we have


32

6. esophagus

- upper 1/3 striated (motor neuron innervations)

- middle 1/3 mixed striated and smooth
- lower 1/3 smooth (vagus nerve, involved in relaxation)

7. upper esophagus sphincter role

,keeps air from entering the esophagus

8. lower esophagus sphincter role


gastroesophageal, allows for the passage of food into the stomach, tightens to prevent reflux.

(hiatus, where the diaphragm is and esophagus passes through into the stomach)

9. phases of swallowing


1. oral phase

2. pharyngeal phase
3. esophageal phase

10. steps of swallowing


1. the bolus enters the pharynx and the soft palate closes the nasal cavity

2. the larynx rises up to meet the epiglottis. the bolus presses on the epiglottis and bends it
downward, closing the opening to the windpipe
3. the bolus enters the esophagus

11. oral phase

voluntary, food bolus to back of mouth

12. where is the swallowing center located


medulla oblongata in the brain stem

13. pharyngeal phase


involuntary, food bolus stimulates this phase by contact

,14. esophageal phase


involuntary, peristalsis is triggered, the lower esophageal sphincter opens (relaxes) via CNX
(vagus) innervation

15. primary peristalsis


occurs after swallowing

16. secondary peristalsis


if bolus of food becomes lodged, the increase in pres- sure stimulates contraction to move food
towards stomach

17. layers of the GI tract

1. Mucosa

thick layer that secretes enzymes

2. Submucosa
holds glands

3. Muscularis
layers with peristalsis


4. Serosa
protective, holds everything together

18. local controls of enteric nervous system

, - outer


myenteric plexus -> intesti- nal movements and peristalsis

- inner


submucosal plexus -> intestinal secretions and local blood flow




19. autonomic NS control of enteric nervous system


- parasympathetic

- sympathetic

20. parasympathetic control of GI


though vagus nerve it increases secretions, motility, and controls intestinal reflexes (relaxation
of cardiac sphincter)

21. sympathetic control of GI


- vasoconstriction

- inhibits motility and secretions

22. intestinal smooth muscle

has its own slow wave frequency for contraction

23. cardiac orfice

entrance of the esophagus to the stomach

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