Maryville NURS615 Pharm 2 exam
Monitoring Parameters for antivirals such as acyclovir(Zovirax)/valacyclovir(Valtrex)? -
-10% liver/90% kidney = BUN, Creat, LFT
What is the Class and MOA of carbamazepine (tegretal) & topiramate (Topamax)? - -
Anticonvulsant; thought to block Na+ channels to slow...
Maryville NURS615 Pharm 2 exam
Monitoring Parameters for antivirals such as acyclovir(Zovirax)/valacyclovir(Valtrex)? -
-10% liver/90% kidney = BUN, Creat, LFT
What is the Class and MOA of carbamazepine (tegretal) & topiramate (Topamax)? - -
Anticonvulsant; thought to block Na+ channels to slow activity or enhance GABA
Adverse effects of Carbamazepine and monitoring parameters - -Agranulocytosis:
decreased production of WBC in bone marrow, SJS, Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis; Monitor
CBC Q 3-4 mos; TSH (can also affect thyroid)
What precautions should be taken when discontinuing Carbamazepine? - -Do Not
stop abruptly; half life drops from 30 hr to 15 over time
What is GABA? - -calming/inhibitory neurotransmitter; calms firing nerves in CNS;
high levels improve focus, low levels cause anxiety
What is serotonin? - -mood neurotransmitter; Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and
arousal
What is norepinephrine/noradrenaline? - -Concentration neurotransmitter; affects
attention and responding actions; fight or flight
, Maryville NURS615 Pharm 2 exam
What is dopamine? - -pleasure neurotransmitter; feelings of pleasure, addiction,
motivation
What is acetylcholine? - -parasympathetic neurotransmitter that diffuses across a
synapse and produces an impulse in the cell membrane of a muscle cell
What should families be taught regarding the monitoring of seizure activity? - -focus
on prevention, pt safety, quality of life; if seizure occurs notefrequency, duration, severity;
be aware of mood changes, depression, anxiety, suicide; establish mutual treatment goals,
DO NOT stop meds abruptly
What electrolyte imbalance is noted with Topiramate (Topamax) & what to monitor? -
-a decrease in serum bicarbonate concentration, leading to hyperchloremic
metabolic acidosis; CMP & bicarb
Adverse effects seen with topiramate (Topamax) and pregnancy risk? - -ocular
syndromes (myopia and angle
closure glaucoma), ↓sweating (oligohidrosis), hyperthermia; in pregnancy: ↑risk of cleft lip
in infants
What is the MOA for Levetiracetam (Keppra) - -Does not affect GABA; may prevent
epileptiform burst firing and spread of seizure activity.
What population is Levetiracetam (Keppra) safer for? - -Children and pregnancy
, Maryville NURS615 Pharm 2 exam
What are the pregnancy precautions for valproate (Depakote) - -Cat X; known
teratogen; if necessary take after 1st trimester
Education for women taking valproate (Depakote) wanting to get pregnant? - -
possibility of birth defects, switch meds, be followed by high-risk OB
What should be monitored commonly with all anticonvulsants? - -their levels
What are the precautions and contraindications for the tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)? -
-Cardiac conduction disorder causing prolonged QT, get base ECG; sever tardive
dyskinesia and/or neuroleptic malignant syndrome; OD suicide; Anticholenergic=dry
mouth, constipation, urinary retention
2 important things to be aware of with SSRIs - -Serotonin syndrome, withdrawal
syndrome
Which anxiolytic reduces anxiety without sedation and does not appear to be addictive or
subject to abuse; not considered a Benzo? - -buspirone (Buspar)
What class of drug is Phenelzine (Nardil) & What are the cautions and contraindications? -
-MAOI; avoid foods with high levels tyramine, and that is found in fermented foods
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