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Peds exam 3 review 100Questions and Answers latest 2025 RATED A+
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Peds exam 3 review 100Questions andAnswers latest 2025 RATED A+
A nurse is taking care of four different pediatric clients. Which client poses the great
risk for dehydration?
1. 15-year-old working out in a weight room for an hour before football practice
2. 10-year-old playing baseball outdoors in 85 degree heat
3. 5-year-old refusing to eat because of a virus
4. A newborn under a radiant warmer for an hour after the first bath - CORRECT
ANSWERS Answer: 2
Rationale: A condition that increases the risk of insensible fluid loss places the child
at risk for dehydration. Any of these situations can place the child at risk for
dehydration but the child at greatest risk is the child playing baseball in direct heat,
which will increase utilization of extracellular fluids more rapidly than the other
situations.
The nurse is assessing an infant brought to the clinic with diarrhea. The infant is
alert but has dry mucous membranes. Which other sign indicates the infant is still in
the early or mild stage of dehydration?
1. Tachycardia
2. Bradycardia
3. Increased blood pressure
4. Decreased blood pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS Answer: 1
Rationale: Tachycardia is a sign that indicates mild dehydration. Bradycardia and
increased blood pressure are not signs of dehydration. Decreased blood pressure is
not a sign of mild dehydration. Decreased blood pressure indicates moderate to
severe dehydration.
A 1-month-old client is admitted to the emergency room with severe diarrhea.
Which assessment suggests the client is severely dehydrated?
1. Skin moist and flushed; mucous membranes dry
2. Low specific gravity of urine; skin color pale
3. Fontanels depressed; capillary refill greater than three seconds
4. High specific gravity of urine; moist mucous membranes - CORRECT ANSWERS
Answer: 3
,Peds exam 3 review 100Questions and
Answers latest 2025 RATED A+
Rationale: Two signs of severe dehydration are depressed fontanels and capillary
refill time greater than three seconds. Moist, flushed skin; moist mucous
membranes; and low specific gravity of urine are not signs of dehydration. Dry
mucous membranes and pale skin color are signs of mild dehydration, not severe.
The nurse is expecting the admission of a child with severe isotonic dehydration.
Which intravenous fluid should the nurse anticipate the practitioner to order initially
to replace fluids?
1. D5W
2. 0.9 percent Normal Saline (NS)
3. Albumin
4. D5 0.2 percent () Normal Saline - CORRECT ANSWERS Answer: 2
Rationale: 0.9 percent Normal Saline (NS) maintains Na and chloride at present
levels. D5W can lower sodium levels so would not be used to initially replace fluids
in severe isotonic dehydration. Albumin is used to restore plasma proteins. D5 0.2
percent () Normal Saline would not be used initially but later, as maintenance fluids.
Parents of an infant with slow weight gain ask the nurse if they can feed their baby
a highly concentrated formula. Which response by the nurse is the most
appropriate?
1. A higher-concentrated formula could lead to dehydration because of high sodium
content; lets discuss other strategies.
2. An undiluted formula concentrate could be given to help the child gain weight;
lets look at brands.
3. Evaporated milk could be given to the infant instead of the current formula youre
using.
4. A higher-concentrated formula could be given for daytime feedings; lets work on
a schedule. - CORRECT ANSWERS Answer: 1
Rationale: Parents and caregivers of bottle-fed babies should be taught never to
give undiluted formula concentrate or evaporated milk due to the high sodium
content.
The nurse finishes a parent-teaching session on preventing heat-related illnesses for
children who exercise. Which statement by a parent indicates understanding of
preventive techniques taught?
,Peds exam 3 review 100Questions and
Answers latest 2025 RATED A+
1. Hydration should occur at the end of an exercise session.
2. Water is the drink of choice to replenish fluids.
3. Wearing dark clothing during exercise is recommended.
4. During activity, stop for fluids every 1520 minutes. - CORRECT ANSWERS
Answer: 4
Rationale: During activity, stopping for fluids every 1520 minutes is recommended.
Hydration should occur before and during the activity, not just at the end. A
combination of water and sports drinks is best to replace fluids during exercise.
Light-colored, light clothing is best to wear during exercise activities; wearing of
dark colors can increase sweating.
A child is being treated for dehydration with intravenous fluids. The child currently
weighs 13 kg and is estimated to have lost 7 percent of the normal body weight.
The nurse is double-checking the IV rate the practitioner has ordered. The formula
the practitioner used was for maintenance fluids: 1000 mL for 10 kg of body weight
plus 50 cc for every kg over 10 for 24 hours. Replacement fluid is the percentage of
lost body weight 10 per kg of body weight. According to the calculation for
maintenance plus replacement fluid, this childs hourly IV rate for 24 hours should be
____ mL. Round the answer to the nearest whole number. - CORRECT ANSWERS
Answer: 86
Rationale: Maintenance need for 13 kg is 1000 + (50 3), or 1150 mL/24 hours. Add
to this the replacement-fluid loss = 7 (percent of total body weight lost) 10 = 70
mL/kg/24 hours (70 13 = 910). 1150 + 910 = 2060 for 24 hours. 2060/24 = 86 mL
per hour.
In the morning, a nurse receives a report on four pediatric clients who have some
form of fluid-volume excess. Which client should the nurse assess first?
1. A client with periorbital edema, normal respiratory rate
2. A client with tachypnea and pulmonary congestion
3. A client with dependent and sacral edema, regular pulse
4. A client with hepatomegaly, normal respiratory rate - CORRECT ANSWERS
Answer: 2
Rationale: A child with respiratory distress should be the first client the nurse checks
after receiving report. The child with periorbital edema and normal respiratory rate,
the child with dependent and sacral edema and regular pulse, and the child with
, Peds exam 3 review 100Questions and
Answers latest 2025 RATED A+
hepatomegaly and normal respiratory rate are all more stable than the child with
tachypnea and pulmonary congestion.
The nurse is caring for a child on bed rest who has severe edema in a left lower leg
due to blocked lymphatic drainage. Which is the priority diagnosis for this child?
1. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
2. Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
3. Risk for Altered Body Image
4. Risk for Activity Intolerance - CORRECT ANSWERS Answer: 2
Rationale: The highest priority problem is skin integrity. Nutrition, body image, and
activity intolerance would not take priority over the integrity of the skin for this
scenario.
A nurse is planning care for a child with hyponatremia. The nurse, delegating care of
this child to a new RN on the pediatric unit, cautions the new nurse to be especially
alert for which condition in the child?
1. Seizures
2. Bradycardia
3. Respiratory distress
4. Hyperthermia - CORRECT ANSWERS Answer: 1
Rationale: A child with hyponatremia is at risk for seizures. Bradycardia, respiratory
distress, and hyperthermia are not risks of hyponatremia.
A nurse is planning care for a child with hyperkalemia. Which clinical manifestation
will the nurse plan to assessment this child for based on the diagnosis?
1. Seizures
2. Bradycardia
3. Respiratory distress
4. Hyperthermia - CORRECT ANSWERS Answer: 2
Rationale 1: A child with hyperkalemia is at risk for cardiac issues. Seizures,
respiratory distress, and hyperthermia are not risks of hyperkalemia.
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