Exam (elaborations)
PUBLIC HEALTH MIDTERM EXAM 2024/2025
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PUBLIC HEALTH MIDTERM PUBLIC HEALTH MIDTERM PUBLIC HEALTH MIDTERM
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PUBLIC HEALTH MIDTERM(world health organization) WHAT IS HEALTH - WHO - ANS defines health as "a state of complete
physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease"
What is PUBLIC HEALTH -CEA Winslow - ANS Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease,
prolonging life, and promoting health through organized efforts
MISSION OF PUBLIC HEALTH - Institute of Medicine - ANS Public health's mission is "fulfilling society's
interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy
Public Health system distinctions from US healthcare - ANS -Main purpose is to prevent disease,
disability, and death
-Focuses on population rather than individual health
-US healthcare focuses on individual
Power Structures: federal, state, local - ANS Federal- FDA and power to tax (ex: providing funding for
medicaid)
State- has main power (licensing medical personnel, coordinate activities of local health agencies,
provide funding to hospitals, etc)
Local- day to day public health tasks
3 Public health Core Functions: - ANS Assessment: systematically collecting and analyzing health data.
(Monitor health, diagnose and investigate)
Policy Development: Creating policies based on evidence/ scientific knowledge.
(Inform/educate/empower, mobilize community partnerships, develop policies)
Assurance: Ensuring access to necessary health services to those in need. (enforce laws, link to
provide/care, assure competent workforce, evaluate).
RESEARCH IN ALL 3
, father of epidiomology? * - ANS John Snow and Epidemiology: known for his work in tracing the source
of the cholera outbreak.
3 Levels of Prevention public health: - ANS Primary: Preventing disease onset (e.g., vaccines).
Secondary: Early disease detection (e.g., cancer screenings).
Tertiary: Minimizing impact of disease (e.g., rehab programs)
Upstream Approach: - ANS Addressing root causes of health issues (e.g., improving access to
education/awareness) to prevent health issues rather than treating illness.
Theories of Justice - ANS market justice, social justice, libertarian views, paternalism
Market Justice: - ANS Emphasizes individual responsibility, people are entitled to status, income and
happiness that they acquire by individual efforts.
Social Justice: - ANS Focuses on collective well-being and equity. Everyone deserves equal rights and
opportunities.
Libertarianism: - ANS Advocates for minimal government intervention, individuals rights should only be
restricted in order to prevent harm.(legalize maruijana) ( no prescriptions, free to buy any drugs)
Paternalism: - ANS Intervening to protect people's well-being, even against their will, restriction of
individual freedom to protect health and safety. (doctor ordering surgery without informing them of
other options bc it will save their life)
challenges related to public health efforts - ANS Economic impact, individual liberty, moral/religious
opposition, and political interference with science.
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