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ECES Certified Encryption Specialist Exam Questions With Correct Answers 2024
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ECES Certified Encryption Specialist Exam Questions With Correct Answers 2024
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ECES Certified Encryption Specialist ExamQuestions With Correct Answers 2024
.cer/.crt/.der .- .correct .answer.x.509 .Digital .Certificates .extensions .- .Typically .binary
.encoded. .(.cer .is .Microsoft .convention)
AES .Phases .- .correct .answer.1. .SubBytes .- .non-linear .substitution .- .uses .Rijndael .S-box
2. .Shiftrows .- .transposition .
3. .MixColumns .- .mixing
4. .AddRoundKey
IKE .- .correct .answer.Internet .Key .Exchange .- .Used .by .IPSec .for .Key .exchange.
EC .Formula .- .correct .answer.(y2 .= .x3 .+ .Ax .+ .B) .- .Developed .by .Victor .Miller .and .Neil
.Koblitz .in .1985
Rijndael .Algorithm .- .correct .answer.Symmetric .Algorithm .used .for .AES
3 .Cryptanalysis .Resources .- .correct .answer.• .Time .(amount .of .time .needed .to .perform
.the .number .of .calculations .to .crack .encryption)
• .Memory .(the .amount .of .storage .required .to .perform .the .attack)
• .Data .(the .amount .of .plaintext/ciphertext .required .for .the .attack)
Birthday .Problem .- .correct .answer.How .likely .would .it .be .for .any .two .people .in .a .room .of
.23 .to .share .the .same .birthday?
22+21+20+19+18+17+16+15+14+13+12+11+10+9+8+7+6+5+4+3+2+1 .= .253, .the .total
.number .of .combinations .with .23 .people. .This .is .approximately .a .50% .chance .for .a
.match(square .root .of .365 .is .approximately .23). .The .probability .reaches .100% .at .367
.people .(since .there's .366 .days .in .leap .years), .but .with .just .70 .people, .you .are .at .over .a
.99.9% .chance .for .a .match.
Block .cipher .- .correct .answer.Encryption .function .for .fixed-size .blocks .of .data .(typically
.64 .or .128 .bits) .- .If .you .want .to .encrypt .something .that .isn't .exactly .one .block .long, .you
.have .to .use .a .block .cipher .mode. .Slower .than .stream .ciphers
• .Larger .block .sizes .increase .security
• .Larger .key .sizes .increase .security
,• .If .the .round .is .secure, .then .more .rounds .increase .security
Blowfish .- .correct .answer.Fastest .Symmetric .algorithm. .Designed .in .1993 .by .Bruce
.Schneier. .
• .Feistel .cipher
• .16 .rounds .
• .64 .bit .blocks. .
• .Key .size .ranges .from .32 .to .448 .bits. .
• .Designed .as .a .replacement .for .DES.
Classes .of .Digital .Certificates .- .correct .answer.• .Class .1 .- .general .certificate .meant .for
.individuals, .usually .used .for .digitally .signing/securing .e-mail.
• .Class .2 .- .for .organizations .where .you .have .to .prove .identities.
• .Class .3 .- .for .server .and .software .signing .identification.
• .Class .4 .- .Online .business .transactions .between .companies.
• .Class .5 .- .Private .organizations .or .governmental .agencies. .Used .between .governmental
.agencies.
Criteria .for .Quality .of .Random .Number .Generators .- .correct .answer.Established .by .The
.German .Office .for .Information .Security .(BSI)
• .K1: .A .sequence .of .random .numbers .with .a .low .probability .of .containing .identical
.numbers.
• .K2: .A .sequence .of .numbers .which .is .indistinguishable .from .""true .random"" .numbers
.according .to .statistical .tests.
• .K3: .It .should .be .impossible .for .any .attacker .to .calculate, .or .otherwise .guess, .from .any
.given .subsequence, .any .previous .or .future .values .in .the .sequence.
• .K4: .It .should .be .impossible .for .any .attacker .to .calculate, .or .otherwise .guess .from .the
.inner .state .of .the .generator, .any .previous .values .in .the .sequence .or .any .previous .inner
.generator .states.
• .To .be .suitable .for .cryptography, .any .PRNG .should .meet .K3 .or .K4 .standards.
DES .- .correct .answer.Symmetric .algorithm .- .Block .Cipher .- .Based .on .Lucifer .Algorithm
• .One .of .the .most .widely .deployed .algorithms .in .the .world, .even .though .it .is .no .longer
.recommended .or .considered .secure. .
• .Restricted .key .size .of .56 .bits .and .small .block .size .of .64 .bits .(has .a .64-bit .plaintext,
.which .is .split .into .two .32-bit .halves .L .and .R). .
• .Consists .of .16 .rounds .numbered .1 .through .16. .Each .round .i .uses .a .separate .48-bit
.round .key .Ki. .Each .round .key .is .formed .by .selecting .48 .bits .from .the .56-bit .key, .and .this
.selection .is .different .for .each .round .key. .
• .The .algorithm .that .derives .these .round .keys .from .the .main .block .cipher .key .is .called .the
.key .schedule.
Digital .Certificate .- .DC .- .correct .answer.Standard .template .is .x.509 .V3. .It's .been .around
.since .1988 .and .it's .the .most .commonly .used .format .today. .Used .to .identify .the .certificate
.holder .when .conducting .electronic .transactions. .When .modified, .they .typically .become
.invalidated. .The .can .expire .as .well .or .be .revoked .for .a .number .of .reasons .(private .key
, .compromised, .etc). .They .are .used .for .web .servers, .authentication .of .Cisco .Secure
.phones, .E-Commerce. .This .is .one .of .the .most .common .methods .to .distribute .public
.keys.
• .Common .Digital .Certificate .Fields .- .Certificate .Information .Statement, .Issued .to, .Issued
.by, .Valid .from
• .Digital .Certificate .Details .Fields .- .Version, .Serial .Number, .Signature .Algorithm, .Hash
.Algorithm, .Issuer, .Valid .From, .Valid .To, .Subject, .Public .Key, .Key .Usage .Statement,
.Friendly .Name
Elliptic .Curve .Cryptography .(EC .or .ECC) .- .correct .answer.Asymmetric .Key .Algorithm,
.provides .encryption, .digital .signatures, .key .exchange, .based .on .the .idea .of .using .points
.on .a .curve .to .define .the .public/private .key, .used .in .wireless .devices .and .smart .cards. .The
.security .of .the .Elliptic .Curve .cryptography .is .based .on .the .fact .that .finding .the .discrete
.logarithm .of .a .random .elliptic .curve .element .with .respect .to .a .publicly .known .base .point .is
.difficult .to .the .point .of .being .impractical .to .do .so. .
(y2 .= .x3 .+ .Ax .+ .B) .- .Developed .by .Victor .Miller .and .Neil .Koblitz .in .1985 .
• .Elliptic .Curve .Diffie-Helmann .(used .for .key .exchange)
• .Elliptic .Curve .Digital .Signature .Algorithm .(ECDSA)
• .Elliptic .Curve .MQV .key .agreement .protocol
Feistel .Function .- .correct .answer.Named .after .German .born .physicist. .
• .Basis .for .most .block .ciphers. .
• .Split .plaintext .into .2 .blocks, .usually .equal .sizes. .
• .Each .round .consists .of .XORing .L .with .F(Ki, .R) .
• .As .long .as .these .are .even, .it .is .considered .a .traditional/normal .Feistel .Cipher. .An
.unbalanced .Feistel .Cipher .is .when .the .basket .does .not .split .evenly.
Hash .- .correct .answer.A .one-way .mathematical .operation .that .reduces .a .message .or
.data .file .into .a .smaller .fixed .length .output, .or .hash .value. .
• .Takes .variable-size .input .and .returns .a .fixed .size .string.
• .Iterative
• .Typical .length .of .512 .bits .
• .Examples: .Gost, .MD5, .SHA, .RIPEMD, .FORK, .TIGER
• .Non-Reversible
Levels .of .NSA .Encryption .Algorithms .- .correct .answer.• .Suite .A .Algorithms .- .Confidential,
.not .published, .used .for .secret .and .top .secret .government .communications. .We .have .no
.knowledge .of .them .other .than .what's .on .this .list .is .used .by .the .government .to .securely
.communicate.
• .Suite .B .Algorithms .- .Commercially .available .and .used .in .all .modern .software .in .one .way
.or .another .that .are .recommended .by .the .NSA.
o .Type .1 .Suite .B .Algorithms .- .Juniper, .Mayfly, .Fast .hash, .Walburn, .Pegasus, .AES
.(depending .on .implementation)
o .Type .2 .Suite .B .Algorithms .- .Skipjack, .KEA
o .Type .3 .Suite .B .Algorithms .- .DES, .3DES, .SHA1, .AES .(depending .on .implementation)
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