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NAPLEX EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS COMPLETE FREQUENTLY TESTED RATED A.
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NAPLEX EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS COMPLETE FREQUENTLY TESTED RATED A.
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NAPLEX EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS COMPLETE FREQUENTLY TESTED
RATED A.
What are the available antidiarrheals?
Correct Answer -bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto)
-contraindicated salicylate allergy, coagulopathy, and black or bloody
stool
Loperamide (Imodium)
-4 mg after 1st loose stool, 2 mg after each additional loose stool.
Treatment should not last >48 hr
-max 16 mg/day except traveler's diarrhea which is 8 mg/day
Diphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil)
-contraindicated in diarrhea caused by enterotoxin producing bacteria or
pseudomembranous colitis
What is the antispasmodic that is available for diarrhea?
Correct Answer -Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
-this is an anticholinergic, so caution in the elderly
-may cause dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, blurred vision
What is ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer -mucosal inflammation confined to the rectum and colon
with superficial ulcerations
-inflammation confined to the rectum and colon is called distal disease
and is treated with topical treatments
,-inflammation of the rectum is called proctitis
-smoking is protective so nicotine patches can be used as adjunct therapy
What is Crohn's disease?
Correct Answer -deep, transmural inflammation that occurs in any part of
the bowels
-damage can cause strictures and fissures
What is used for acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis and Chron's
disease?
Correct Answer -short courses of oral or IV steroids
What are the agents used to induce remission in Chron's disease?
Correct Answer --Corticosteroids (+/- thiopurine or methotrexate)
-Anti-TNF +/- thiopurine
What are the agents used for maintenance of remission in Chron's
disease?
Correct Answer -Mild disease: oral budesonide
Moderate-severe: Anti-TNF agents (adalimumab, infliximab,
certolizumab), thiopurine (azothioprine, mercaptopurine), or methotrexate
Refractory disease: intern receptor antagonists (natalizumab,
vedolizumab)
What are the agents used to induce remission in ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer --Corticosteroids +/- thiopurine or aminosalicylates
-Anti-TNF +/- thipourine
-IV cyclosporine
,What are the agents used For maintenance of remission in Chron's
disease?
Correct Answer -Mild disease: mesalamine
Moderate-Severe: anti-TNF agents (adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab),
thiopurine, or cyclosporin
Refractory Disease: integrin receptor antagonists (vedolizumab)
What are aminosalicylates?
Correct Answer -Agents used for the treatment of ulcerative colitis that
have a topical anti-inflammatory effect in the GI tract
-Mesalamine: available in oral and rectal (suppository and enema)
formulations; induction therapy is 6-8 weeks oral and 3-6 for rectal
How are methotrexate and cyclosporin used in those with IBD?
Correct Answer -Methotrexate is used to induce remission in moderate-
severe Chron's disease with once weekly IM or SC injections
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant that is used for severe ulcerative
colitis. It is given orally or continuous IV infusion
What is an intergrin receptor antagonist?
Correct Answer -Monoclonal antibodies that bind to intergin which
prevents inflammatory chemicals to migrate to the GI tissue.
-Natalizumab: given every 4 weeks; REMS drug; discontinue if no
response after 12 weeks
-Vedolizumab: given at 0, 2, 6, and then every 8 weeks; if no response by
week 14 discontinue; don't give live vaccines
, What medications can cause erectile dysfunction?
Correct Answer --Antidepressants (mostly SSRIs and SNRIs)
-Antihypertensives (beta blockers, clonidine)
-Antipsychotics (haloperidol, chlorpromazine, risperidone, paliperidone)
-BPH medications (finasteride, dutasteride, silodosin)
What medical conditions can cause erectile dysfunction?
Correct Answer -peripheral neuropathy
atherosclerosis
HTN
depression
stress
spinal cord injury
stroke
What are the 1st line therapies for ED?
Correct Answer -PDE-5 inhibitors
-sildenafil (Viagra)
-vardenafil (Levitra)
-tildalafil (Cialis) also used for BPH
-avanafil (Stendra)
All can cause impaired color discrimination, hearing loss, and rarely
vision loss
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