PHA 458 Final Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
3 views 0 purchase
Course
PHA 458
Institution
PHA 458
PHA 458 Final Exam 1 Questions & Answers 2024/2025
Evidence based approach to answering clinical questions steps - ANSWERS4 A's
Ask (the question)
Acquire (the evidence)
Appraise (the evidence)
Apply (the evidence to the patient case or question)
PICO - ANSWERSPatient or problem
Inter...
PHA 458 Final Exam 1 Questions &
Answers 2024/2025
Evidence based approach to answering clinical questions steps - ANSWERS4 A's
Ask (the question)
Acquire (the evidence)
Appraise (the evidence)
Apply (the evidence to the patient case or question)
PICO - ANSWERSPatient or problem
Intervention
Comparison
Outcome
What to do "Ask" or define the question - ANSWERSPICO
What to do to "Acquire" the evidence - ANSWERSDetermine the type of information or evidence needed
Package inset
Practice guidelines
Clinical research
Conduct a systematic search for this information
What to do the "Appraise" the evidence - ANSWERSIs it relevant?
Is it valid?
Are the results statistically significant?
Are the results clinically significant?
,What to do the "Apply" the evidence - ANSWERSClinical judgement/reasoning calls for you to determine
how the evidence can be best applied to your patient
Drug Interaction Facts - ANSWERSIncludes documentation level and onset
Includes interactions with food/alcohol
Includes precautions for special populations
Includes diseases/conditions and allergies
Levels of severity assigned to drug interactions in Drug Interaction Facts - ANSWERSMajor- interaction is
life threatening or may cause permanent damage
Moderate- the interaction may cause the patient's clinical status to deteriorate and additional treatment,
hospitalization, or an extended hospital stay may be necessary
Minor- the interaction usually have mild effects that may be bothersome or unnoticeable but should not
affect the therapeutic outcome and more treatment is usually not necessary
Clinical pharmacology interactions ratings - ANSWERSSevere- avoid using these drugs together (CI)
Major- using the medications together may be CI in certain patients, the patient should be monitored
and further therapy and/or a change in therapy may be necessary
Moderate- using the medications together may have unintended clinical effects, the patient should be
monitored or changes in therapy may be necessary
Minor- using the medications together does not usually result in clinically significant interactions and
monitoring or changes in therapy are not usually required
Lexi-interact ratings - ANSWERSA- no known interaction
B- no action needed
C- monitor therapy
, D- consider therapy modification
X- avoid combination
Includes severity and reliability rating
Name a resource that focuses specifically on side effects of drugs - ANSWERSMeyler's Side Effects of
Drugs
Resources that report adverse reactions - ANSWERSFacts and comparisons- drug search by adverse
reaction
Lexi-comp- drug search by adverse reaction
Clinical pharmacology- adverse reaction report, find/list by adverse reaction report, drug allergy and
idiosyncratic reactions database
Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs - ANSWERSIndividual drug monographs in alphabetical order
Important monograph features:
Organs and systems
Long-term effects
Second-generation effects
Susceptibility factors
Drug administration
Drug interactions
Interference with diagnostic tests
Diagnosis of adverse drug reactions
Management of adverse drug reactions
Monitoring thearpy
Side Effects of Drugs Annual - ANSWERSPublished as a compliment to Meyler's
Chapters arranged as drug classes
Reviews publications over the past year
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Bensuda. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
