NR 283 FINAL EXAM LATEST 2024-2025 WITH ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY
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Functions of skeletal muscle - ANSWER--Facilitate body movement
-Maintain body position
-Stabilize joints
-Produce heat
Fracture - ANSWER-Break in the integrity of a bone
Complete fracture - ANSWER-Bone broken, forming separate pieces
Incomplete fracture - ANSWER-Bone only partially broken
Open fracture - ANSWER-Skin broken
Closed fracture - ANSWER-Skin not broken
Simple fracture - ANSWER-Single break, maintaining alignment and position
Comminuted fracture - ANSWER-Multiple fractures and bone fractures
,Compression fracture - ANSWER-Bone crushed or collapsed into small pieces
Impacted fracture - ANSWER-One end forced into adjacent bone
Pathologic fracture - ANSWER-results from weakness; occurs with little stress
Stress fracture - ANSWER-Fatigue fractures
Depressed fractures - ANSWER-Skill fractured and forced into brain
Healing process of bone fracture - ANSWER--Hematoma
-Granulation
-Fibrocartilaginous callus
-Bony callus
-Remodeling
Hematoma - ANSWER-Clot form (homeostasis)
Granulation - ANSWER-Tissue-inflammation response
Fibrocartilaginous callus - ANSWER-Procallus
Bony callus - ANSWER-Replacing procallus
Factors affecting bone healing - ANSWER--Amount of local damage
,-Proximity to bone ends
-Secondary problem (infection, foreign material)
-Blood supply to fracture site
-Systemic factors (age, nutrition, anemia, DM)
Complications of fracture - ANSWER--Infections
-Ischemia
-Compartment syndrome
-Fat emboli
Other complications of fracture - ANSWER-muscle spasm, nerve damage,
failure to heal, deveopment of deformity, osteoarthiritis
Compartment syndrome - ANSWER-Increased pressure or fluid -- compress
nerve and block blood vessel
Symptoms of compartment syndrome - ANSWER--Severe pain
-Ischemia
-Necrosis
Signs and symptoms of fracture - ANSWER--Deformity-crepitus
-inflammation
-Pain
-Edema, swelling
Dislocation - ANSWER-Separation of two bones at a joint, with loss of contact
between articulating surfaces
, Dislocation is usually accompanied by: - ANSWER-Significant damage to
ligaments and tendons
Signs and symptoms of dislocation - ANSWER--Bleeding and inflammation
-Severe pain
-Deformity
-Limited movement
Sprain - ANSWER-Tear in a ligament
Strain - ANSWER-Tear in a tendon
Avulsion - ANSWER-The ligaments or tendons are completely separated from
their tiny bone attachments
Signs and symptoms of sprain, strain, avulsion - ANSWER--Pain
-Swelling
-Discoloration due to hematoma
-Strength and ROM limited
Osteoporosis - ANSWER-Decrease in bone mass and density
Primary osteoporosis - ANSWER-Idiopathic
Secondary osteoporosis - ANSWER-Complication of another disorder
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