What are the three ingredients for a TS? ✔✔- Moisture
- Lifting Action
-Unstable Air
Explain how TS are generated. ✔✔Warm, moist air is pushed up by a cold air mass and
becomes unstable. When rising, air cools, maximum saturation is reached and cumulonimbus
clouds form.
What're the three stages of a TS? ✔✔Cumulating (updrafts), Mature (up ad down drafts)
and dissipation (just downdrafts)
What are outflow boundaries and when do they form? ✔✔An outlfow boundary is like a ripple
of a TS. When a TS happens, it can disturb the air around it causing smaller TS to form around it.
What is lifted index? ✔✔The l lifted index is a TS potential observation at the time of
observation based on moisture and air stability. Positive means good, stable air.
Negative means bad, unstable air. Zero means neutral.
, Can an aircraft dispatcher allow a flight to take off or continue enrollee in sever icing or severe
turbulence? ✔✔No
Weather originates and occurs in what level of the atmosphere? ✔✔troposphere
What is the significance of the tropopause in regards to flight planning? ✔✔Jet stream and CAT
What are some factors associated with the Jet Stream? ✔✔fast moving air, CAT possibilities,
TS possibilities, head winds. All of these are increased in the winter months.
What is Clear air turbulence? ✔✔Occurs in cloudless, clear air. Not associated with TS,
happens in tropopause. occurs FL300 and above
CAT can be caused by... ✔✔Jet streams, unstable air, convective (lifting) currents and
wind shears.
Cloud heights are reported in... ✔✔AGL
Winds are reported in... ✔✔True north. When you read it, its in true. When you hear it, it's
in magnetic.
What is the definition of a ceiling? ✔✔Broken, Overcast or Vertical Visibility
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