Sherman antitrust act Right Ans - Demanded that Architects be allowed to
compete on the basis of fees and that not doing so constituted an
unreasonable restraint of trade.
Five cannons that describe broad principles of conduct Right Ans - 1.
General obligations 2. obligations to the public 3. obligations to the client 4.
obligations to the profession 5. obligations to colleagues
Common ethics violations Right Ans - 1. Attribution of credit 2. accurate
representation of qualifications 3. attainment and provision of examples of
work 4. basic honesty
The high cost of borrowed money during the credit crunch of the late 1970s
accelerated typical construction schedules Right Ans - This catalyzed the
creation of construction management, and gave rise to the increased use of
fast track schedules.
Contemporary project schedules Right Ans - Projects today are faster,
riskier, and involve more participants then projects of 20 years ago. Choosing
an appropriate delivery model is often the key to success.
One of the key differentiators of the various delivery methods Right Ans -
The decision as to when the contractor agrees to a figure and the resulting
responsibilities of the contractor
Project delivery methods Right Ans - Design bid build, construction
management, design build
Design bid build Right Ans - Involves linear design sequence, set of
construction documents which contractors submit fixed-price bids. Lowest
bidding contractor is usually selected to build the project.
Negotiated team Right Ans - Negotiated select team involves early selected
contractor and or subcontractors , contract terms such as overhead and profit
multipliers determined prior to completion of the construction documents.
,Portions of the building that may be particularly difficult to fabricate or
construct may be accelerated under the negotiated select team approach
Right Ans - The selected contractor may be available for consultation
regarding construction issues during design.
Cost-plus fee Right Ans - Contractor selected at the completion of
construction documents, but the scope of construction is unpredictable.
Under a cost plus fixed fee contract, the contractor is paid actual labor and
material costs for construction plus a fee for coordination of trades Right
Ans - Incentives may be added to the fee if the project finishes early or under
the original budget.
Owners have increasingly demanded detailed construction and technical
advice earlier in the design process Right Ans - The construction
community has accommodated this need by creating the field of construction
management
Three construction management roles Right Ans - Advisor, agent,
constructor
Construction management advisor Right Ans - Acts as a constructibility and
cost management consultant during the design and construction process, does
not construct a building.
Construction manager agent Right Ans - Provides early consulting and may
act on behalf of the owner in assembling and coordinating the construction
trades prior to and during construction.
Construction management agents typically provide their services for a fixed
fee and assume no risk for the actual construction costs, pass on savings and
overruns directly to the owner. Right Ans - CM agent is authorized to enter
into contracts on behalf of the owner, advisor is not.
Construction management constructor Right Ans - Technical and cost
advisor role of the contractor during the project design phase transitions at a
point to the role of contractor for the project
,Construction management constructor frequently use guaranteed maximum
price Right Ans - This is a commitment by the construction manager to
build the project for a specified price developed from design documents,
typically at design development.
Inherently difficult role stems from construction manager acting as contractor
and estimator Right Ans - Cost decisions made early in design directly
affect the construction managers cost and profitability later in construction.
Design build delivery method provides the owner with a single point
responsibility for both design and construction Right Ans - Emerged from
owners dissatisfaction with tensions and conflicts between architects and
contractors
One problem with design build is the mechanism by which the owner
establishes and enforces the performance and quality parameters of the
project Right Ans - This role was typically assumed by the architect as an
agent for the owner separate from the contractor.
Bridge design build is a variation of design build which addresses the owner
representation problem Right Ans - Bridge design build employees : a
design architect reestablishes the design concept and a production architect
who determines technical criteria and generates construction documents.
In bridging, the owner eventually hires to Architects, one of which is part of a
design build team Right Ans - The first Architect prepares a preliminary
design for a building and performance specifications, detailed criteria to
which the ultimate design must conform
The completed concept and criteria package, based on design development
drawings and specifications Right Ans - Is then tendered to design build
teams that offer both technical architecture and construction capabilities.
Guaranteed maximum price approaches to construction cost Right Ans -
Establishment of a guaranteed maximum price suggests a commitment by the
owner and construction manager contractor to a cost based on a partially
complete set of design documents.
, Project documents typically consist of Right Ans - The project manual, and
the project drawings.
The project manual includes the following Right Ans - Bidding
requirements, contract forms and supplements, contract conditions, and
specifications.
The bidding documents include Right Ans - The project manual and
drawings, as well as revisions, clarifications, and modifications to them
including addenda.
The contract documents include Right Ans - All of the documents just listed
except the bidding documents. Contract documents also include contract
modifications.
Construction documentation contains Right Ans - Legal and contractual
information, procedural and administration information in Division I, project
specifications expanded in part one of specifications, insight infrastructure
information such as surveys and geotechnical data.
Division I general requirements Right Ans - Contains procedural and
administrative information of the construction documents. This is then
expanded in part one of each specification section.
The contract forms and conditions established the legal framework of a
project by setting forth the rights, duties, and responsibilities of the owner
and contractor Right Ans - On larger projects it is customary to separate
the contract form from the contract conditions
The contract form Right Ans - Is the agreement between owner and
contractor reading the contract documents, specifying the time of
performance, and stating the contractors compensation.
The conditions of the contract Right Ans - Set forth the rights, duties, and
responsibilities of owner and contractor and other parties to the construction
process
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