©GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
World Scholar's Cup 2024 - Booster Pack
Exam Questions and Answers
A professor from the University of Tennessee who, along with his colleagues, published images of giant
glyphs carved into the mud surface of a cave in Alabama in the journal Antiquity. The glyphs depicted
human forms and animals, and are some of the largest known cave images found in North America. The
forms may represent spirits of the underworld, or other sacred creatures to the indigenous people of the
area. One glyph of a rattlesnake reaches 3 metres in length, and another one of a human figure is just
over 1.8 metres. Using carbon dating, the group dated an American bamboo torch residue stuck into the
wall, also in accord with certain pottery fragments found in the cave. - Ans:✔✔-Jan Simek
A journal published by Professor Jan Simek of the University of Tennessee and his colleagues that
displays images of nearly 2,000-year-old mud cave carvings found in 19th Unnamed Cave, Alabama. -
Ans:✔✔-Antiquity
A cave in Alabama which houses large cave carved glyphs, which were documented in Jan Simek's
journal Antiquity. The glyphs were determined to be almost 2,000 years old. The glyphs appear to depict
human forms and animals, and stretch (like one of a rattlesnake) up to 3 metres long. Using
photogrammetry, the team revealed these drawings despite the cave's ceiling being only 60cm high,
moving the point of view to 4 meters away instead. - Ans:✔✔-19th unnamed cave
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A technique often used in archaeology to record artifacts, buildings, landscapes, and caves. It involves
overlapping thousands of photographs taken from different angles and combining them digitally. -
Ans:✔✔-Photogrammetry
Human made markings on stone. It has existed for at least 64,000 years, though it is likely we know only
of very few instances. This is due to thin engravings being lost to erosion, caves crumbling, and pigments
dulling and eventually vanishing. North American instances found in the dark zones of caves were only
discovered in 1979, more than a century after its discovery in Europe, found in Northern Spain. -
Ans:✔✔-Rock Art
A cave in Estremadura, Spain that houses many drawings that were difficult to date by Paul Pettitt,
Alistair Pike, and their team. 70 years after the cave was originally found and studied, they digitally found
a hand stencil drawn onto the rocky surface of the cave, which was obscured by built up calcium
carbonate deposits. - Ans:✔✔-Maltravieso
A cave painting technique commonly used during the Pleistocene era, in which the image is only visible
when light is shone at a certain oblique angle (the light is often referred to as raking light). It makes
finding cave drawings notoriously difficult for researchers. - Ans:✔✔-Light engraving
A technique similar to photogrammetry in which 3d models can be illuminated from any angle, which
makes it much easier to detect cave drawings, specifically ones using the technique of light engraving. -
Ans:✔✔-Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI)
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A very recently found technology that uses infra-red waves to penetrate through layers of prehistoric
wall plaster to reveal possible cave paintings underneath, a technique developed from full body scanners
in airport security systems, which are used to see concealed weapons or contraband. This technique was
first used in Çatalhöyük, Turkey in 2011. - Ans:✔✔-Pulsed terahertz imaging
A cave in France that display over 600 cave paintings and a thousand engravings. It was discovered in
1940 when a group of four teenagers were trying to rescue their dog that fell down a hole, crawling into
the cave revealed hundreds of prehistoric animals painted across its walls and ceiling. It became an
extremely popular tourist attraction after WWII, but public access to the cave became closed in 1963
because the breath and sweat of visitors created carbon dioxide and humidity that would damage the
paintings. It has no stalactites or stalagmites because there is a layer of clay in the soil that waterproofs
the cave, preserving the hundreds of paintings and engravings within. It is believed that the many bulls
and horses depicted in the engravings and paintings are not to show what was eaten by those humans,
which would have consisted of mammoths or reindeer, but to show what their spiritual beliefs were.
Somethin - Ans:✔✔-Lascaux Cave
A replica created in 2017 when the French government spent $64 million dollars building a near perfect
replica to recreate the original Lascaux cave, which was not open to tourists due to the damage it causes
to the paintings. It is very precise due to the 3d digital scanning of the actual cave, and made with
polysterine, resin, and fibreglass. The replica tries to recreate the original as best as possible, including
playing sounds of the surrounding forest played on speakers. It involves the traveller to go from outside
to inside and back to outside. The replica also features the hole that the boys fell down, something that
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was blocked off in the original due to over heating from tourists. It has interactive tablets in its exhibits
to give visitors more information about the many displays. - Ans:✔✔-Lascaux IV
A member of the team that worked on the Lascaux IV's design. - Ans:✔✔-Dina Casson
The order that a visitor of a museum travels through its displays. It is very important to designers who
want to create an authentic experience in open-air museums. - Ans:✔✔-Sequencing (of a museum)
An archaeologist who commends the advanced techniques used by early humans to create the many
engravings and paintings in the Lascaux Cave. He used to give tours to the original cave. - Ans:✔✔-Jean-
Pierre Chadelle
Director of the museum complex at Lascaux. - Ans:✔✔-Guillaume Colombo
The first big room of the replica of the Lascaux cave. - Ans:✔✔-The Hall of Bulls
One of the architects of the Lascaux IV museum, which he believes is a link between the past and
present, being a contemporary building cut into the landscape and out of the landscape. - Ans:✔✔-
Thorsen Kjetilis
Led the team of 34 artists to copied the paintings of the original Lascaux cave onto the replica in the
Lascaux IV museum complex. He tells that often the animals depicted were placed intentionally in a part
which was easier to carve, such as replacing the eye of a bison with a natural cavity instead of carving it.
- Ans:✔✔-Francis Ringenbach
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