HNF150 Exam 1 Study Set Questions with All Correct Answers
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Course
HNF150
Institution
HNF150
HNF150 Exam 1 Study Set Questions with All Correct Answers
When is insulin secreted? - Answer- -insulin is secreted by the pancreas when blood glucose is TOO HIGH
-insulin tells the cells to remove glucose from the blood and store it
When is glucagon secreted? - Answer- -glucagon is secrete...
HNF150 Exam 1 Study Set
Questions with All Correct
Answers
When is insulin secreted? - Answer- -insulin is secreted by the pancreas when blood
glucose is TOO HIGH
-insulin tells the cells to remove glucose from the blood and store it
When is glucagon secreted? - Answer- -glucagon is secreted by the pancreas when
blood glucose is TOO LOW
-glucagon tells the liver to release stored glucose into the blood
Two organs involved in storage of carbohydrate (glycogen) - Answer- -liver
-skeletal muscles (fat cells
The type of tissue that stores fat within the body. - Answer- adipose tissue (stores lipids)
How do the LUNGS eliminate waste? - Answer- release carbon dioxide
How does the LIVER eliminate waste? - Answer- filters blood and sends waste to the
small intestine though the bile duct to be excreted in the feces, or kidneys through urine
How do the KIDNEYS eliminate waste? - Answer- removes waste/toxins as urine
How does the SKIN eliminate waste? - Answer- maintains body temperature through
excretion of water and salts
How does the NERVOUS SYSTEM react to the flight-or-fight response? - Answer-
release neurotransmitters
How does the HORMONAL SYSTEM react to the flight-or-fight response? - Answer-
secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine
How does METABOLISM react to the flight-or-fight response? - Answer- speeds up
How does the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM react to the flight-or-fight response? - Answer-
shuts down
,How does the LIVER react to the flight-or-fight response? - Answer- pours forth glucose
How does FAT CELLS react to the flight-or-fight response? - Answer- release fat
3 functions of the immune system - Answer- 1. Barrier Defense
2. Innate immune system (non-specific immunity)
3. Adaptive immune system
Barrier Defense - Answer- -considered part of our innate immunity
-ex. (skin, urine, gastric juice, saliva)
Innate immune system (non-specific immunity) - Answer- a. responds when a threat
breaks through the body's
barrier defense (within hours)
b. not antigen-specific
c. the goal of the innate innate immune system is to eliminate/control the threat and
prepare the adaptive immune response
d. will NOT be impacted by previous exposure
Adaptive immune system - Answer- a. responds when threat has broken through the
body's barrier defense and overwhelms innate immune system
b. more or less creates an army of immune cells to attack the specific antigen
c. may respond due to past experience (acquired immunity)
d. the goal is to eliminate/control the threat
Acute Inflammation - Answer- -Onset: immediate
-Duration: days
-Inflammatory cells (FYI): neutrophils
-Signs: prominent (visible)
-Outcome: resolution (healing) and chronic inflammation
What is the relationship between immunity and nutrition? - Answer- malnutrition and
infection worsen each other
-ex. impaired food assimilation, impaired nutrition status, weakened immunity,
worsening disease
Components of the digestive tract - Answer- a. oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine
b. external openings: oral cavity, anus
Order of digestive tract - Answer- 1. Mouth (chews and mixes food with saliva)
2. esophagus (passes food to stomach)
3. stomach (adds acid, enzymes, and fluid. Churns, mixes, and grinds food to liquid
mass).
4. large intestine (reabsorbs water and minerals, passes waste and some water to
rectum)
5. small intestine (secretes enzymes that digest cabs, fat, and protein. Cells lining
intestine absorb nutrients into blood and lymph).
6. rectum (stores waste prior to elimination)
7. anus (holds rectum closed and opens to allow elimination)
mechanical digestion movements - Answer- 1. Chewing - crush and grind food with
teeth (mouth)
2. Peristalsis - one way, rhythmic, longitudinal muscles (esophagus)
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