NURS 6501 Final Exam | Advanced
Pathophysiology Final Exam |
Questions and Verified Answers |
Walden
Based on an understanding of the physiologic process of nociceptors,
the nurse expects which surgical procedure to create more pain?
a. Repair of several crushed fingers
b. External fixation of a dislocated shoulder
c. Cyst removal on the internal surface of an ovary
d. Repair of a ruptured spleen - Correct Answer - A. The variable nature
and distribution of nociceptors affect the relative sensitivity to pain in
different areas of the body; the tips of the fingers have more nociceptors
than the skin on the back, and all skin has many more nociceptors than
the internal organs including bone.
When considering the risk factors for the development of phantom limb
pain, the nurse recognizes which as a primary contributing factor?
a. Age, with adolescent patients being at a higher risk than adults
b. Presence of pain in the limb before amputation
c. Patient's previous experience with managing pain
,d. Cultural views regarding the acceptance of pain - Correct Answer - B.
Phantom limb pain is pain that an individual feels in an amputated limb
after the stump has completely healed. It is more likely to appear in
individuals who experienced pain in the limb before amputation. The
other options would not be considered a primary contributing factors.
When comparing the effects of acute and chronic pain on an individual,
chronic pain is more often:
a. The external event that results in a sense of fear
b. Viewed as being meaningful but undesirable
c. A factor that contributes to depression
d. A sense of internal unease - Correct Answer - C. Chronic pain is often
associated with a sense of hopelessness and helplessness as relief
becomes more elusive and the time frame more protracted. The pain is
perceived as meaningless, and depression is often a concomitant
finding, as either a result of the chronic pain state or as a contributor to
its development. Individuals often psychologically respond to acute pain
with fear (e.g., fear of diagnosis, fear of continued pain), anxiety, and a
general sense of unpleasantness or unease.
Massage therapy relieves pain by closing the pain gate with the
stimulation which fibers?
a. Ab
b. Ad
c. B
,d. C - Correct Answer - A. Massaging stimulates different Ab fibers to
close the pain gate. The remaining options do not fulfill this objective.
What is the term that denotes the duration of time or the intensity of pain
that a person will endure before outwardly responding?
a. Tolerance
b. Perception
c. Threshold
d. Dominance - Correct Answer - A. Pain tolerance is the duration of
time or the intensity of pain that an individual will endure before initiating
overt pain responses. The other options are not related to the duration or
intensity of pain endured before the pain is recognized.
The gate in the GCT of pain is located in the:
a. Substantia gelatinosa
b. Marginal layer
c. Nucleus proprius
d. Dorsolateral tract of Lissauer - Correct Answer - A. The synaptic
connections between the cells of the primary- and secondary-order
neurons located in the substantia gelatinosa and other Rexed laminae
function as a pain gate. The remaining options do not act in this function.
Which type of nerve fibers transmits pain impulses?
a. A-alpha (Aa) fibers
, b. A-beta (Ab) fibers
c. A-delta (Ad) fibers
d. B fibers - Correct Answer - C. Of the available options, only medium-
sized Ad fibers transmit pain impulses.
Which spinal tract carries the most nociceptive information?
a. Archeospinothalamic
b. Paleospinothalamic
c. Dorsal spinothalamic
d. Lateral spinothalamic - Correct Answer - D. Most nociceptive
information travels by means of ascending columns in the lateral
spinothalamic tract (also called the anterolateral funiculus). The other
tract options do not carry the most nociceptive information.
Where in the CNS does a person's learned pain response occur?
a. Cerebral cortex
b. Frontal lobe
c. Thalamus
d. Limbic system - Correct Answer - A. The cognitive-evaluative system
overlies the individual's learned behavior concerning the experience of
pain and can modulate the perception of pain and is mediated only
through the cerebral cortex.
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