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Wound Healing/Skin Integrity Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version

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  • Course
  • Wound Healing/Skin Integrity
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  • Wound Healing/Skin Integrity

The _____ layer of the skin serves as a waterproof barrier and lacks any blood vessels. epidermis The dermis is filled with blood vessels, which ______ to conserve heat and ______ to lose heat in attempts to regulate temperature. 1) constrict, 2) dilate How does age affect wound healing? ...

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  • October 24, 2024
  • 19
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Wound Healing/Skin Integrity
  • Wound Healing/Skin Integrity
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Wound Healing/Skin Integrity
Questions and Correct Answers the
Latest Update and Recommended
Version
The _____ layer of the skin serves as a waterproof barrier and lacks any blood vessels.

✓ epidermis


The dermis is filled with blood vessels, which ______ to conserve heat and ______ to lose heat

in attempts to regulate temperature.

✓ 1) constrict, 2) dilate


How does age affect wound healing?

✓ Skin is thin and fragile in infants. Young children become more resistant to injury.
Circulation and collagen formation decreases in older adults, increasing risk for tissue
damage.


In order for proper healing to take place, the wound must be free of any _________.

✓ foreign bodies


Internal injury or hemorrhage, in which the soft tissue is damage but the skin surface is not

broken, is called ________. In contrast, abrasions or incisions are examples of ________, in

which the skin surface is broken.

✓ 1) closed wounds, 2) open wounds




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Name this phase: Immediately after injury occurs, blood vessels constrict to begin clotting.

Vessels then quickly dilate, leaking exudate (fluid) into injured area which causes

swelling/pain. Increased perfusion causes heat/redness to area. Platelets attract other cells to

help heal injured site.

✓ hemostasis


Name this phase: WBC's move to injured site, ingesting debris and releasing growth factors

that attract fibroblasts (repair) to the site. Mild fever, redness, heat, pain and swelling may

occur. Can last 4-6 days.

✓ inflammatory phase


Name this phase: WBC's leave, decreasing symptoms. Fibroblasts produce fibrin (mesh clot)

and collagen to fill in wound. Capillaries grow across wound, bringing oxygen/nutrients to

site. Granulation tissue forms (pink/red). Can last up to 21 days.

✓ proliferation phase


Name this phase: Scar decreases in size and color as damaged cells are now repaired. Begins

3 weeks after injury, and can continue for months or 1-2 years.

✓ maturation phase


Define:

1) Desiccation

2) Maceration

3) Necrosis:


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✓ 1) Dehydration
✓ 2) Over-hydration
✓ 3) Death of tissue


Wound complications: _____ is the opening of a wound that was previously closed. Nursing

action?

✓ 1) dehiscence, 2) cover wound with sterile gauze, then call doctor for surgical repair.


Wound complications: ______ is the protrusion of the viscera once a wound has opened

completely. Nursing action?

✓ 1) evisceration, 2) cover wound with sterile gauze, then call doctor for surgical repair.


Wound complications: Fluids tend to take a path of least resistance, sometimes forming an

unnatural passage into another organ or creating an exit from the body. What is the name of

this new (and unnatural) passage? Nursing action?

✓ 1) fistula, 2) clean, cover wound with sterile gauze, then call doctor for surgical repair.


Pressure ulcers develop when there is decreased blood supply (ischemia) to an area over time.

What 2 mechanisms (cutting off blood supply) can lead to pressure ulcers?

✓ 1) External pressure compressing blood vessels
✓ 2) Friction/sheering forces tearing or injuring blood vessels


Most common sites for pressure ulcers:

✓ sacrum, coccyx, trochanter (hip), calcaneus (heel), scapula




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