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Exam (elaborations)

PMHNP certification Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update and Recommended Version

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CAGE items responses are scored either 1 or 0. A score 2 or higher is considered clinically significant OCD obsessive thoughts interfere with your daily life -are you concern about things being contaminated, keeping things in perfect order -do you feel driven to perform certain acts over...

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  • October 24, 2024
  • 26
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • PMHNP
  • PMHNP
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PMHNP certification Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update and
Recommended Version
CAGE

✓ items responses are scored either 1 or 0. A score 2 or higher is considered clinically
significant


OCD

✓ obsessive thoughts interfere with your daily life
✓ -are you concern about things being contaminated, keeping things in perfect order
✓ -do you feel driven to perform certain acts over and over again?
✓ -have unwanted images or thought that you cant seem to get out of your head


layman's explanation of mental illness

✓ Abnormal functioning of neurotransmitters. Neuroanatomical differences have been found
in some cases.
✓ -can arise from multiple sources, not a single or consistent cause has been established


biomedical psychiatry

✓ mental illness is conceptualized as a disorder of the brain circuit caused by a complex
interplay of genetic and environmental factor


state-dependent learning

✓ when a memory is formed a new neural pathway is created. If the memory was formed
under specific chemical conditions (on a drug, manic), then the pathway will be primed to
work most effectively under these circumstances.
✓ -state-dependent learning in bipolar. Bipolar individuals in a depressed episode may not
be able to recall details of manic episodes. Corroboration is needed.


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Assessment tools to screen for cognitive impairment

✓ -folstein mini-mental: perfect score is 30. <24 impairment. If only 9th grade education
<17


Abnormal sodium levels

✓ -increased: dehydration, methyldopa,
✓ -decreased: SIADH, heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, hepatic disease.


Abnormal Potassium levels

✓ Increased: amiloride, spirolactone, lithium, propranolol.
✓ Decreased


alpha 1 antagonists

✓ -vasodilator and used for hypertension
✓ -raynauds
✓ -PTSD and GAD
✓ -benign prostatic hyperplasia (tamsulosin)
✓ -agonism: vasoconstrictor
✓ -trazadone and many antipsychotics


ESR-erythrocyte sedimentation rate

✓ high values indicate autoimmune, malignancies, infections


absolute neurophil count calculations

✓ total WBC x percentage of neurophil in differential=ANC


Calcium

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✓ -increased: >10.8 caused by hyperparathyroidism from tumor of renal disease, lithium


PET vs. fMRI

✓ measures brain activity by associated changes in blood flow. Relies on fact that cerebral
blood flow and neuronal activity are coupled.
✓ -In addition, PET has the advantage of being able to identify specific receptors associated
with neurotransmitter through its ability to image radioactive ligands


ELISA testing

✓ -first screen with ELISA. ELISA tests for HIV antibodies. Vast majority of HIV positive
people have detectable antibodies by 3 months after exposure.


Splitting

✓ the individual segregates experiences in to all-good or all-bad, with no room for
ambiguity or ambivalence.


displacement

✓ separation of emotion from it object of discontent and redirected to a less threatening
and intimidating
✓ --example: displaced aggression- If expressing or dismay to the source of the anger
could lead to negative consequences, we may rather than express our angry to a person
or object that pose no threat.


introjecion

✓ a process whereby an individual unconsciously incorporates the qualities of another person
into his or her ego structure


Gestalt Therapy




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