During palpation of the pericardium you feel a thrill in the apex area late in diastole, you
know that this finding is consistent with which murmur?
- Aortic Stenosis
- Pulmonic Stenosis
- Mitral Stenosis
- Mitral Regurgitation - ️️Mitral stenosis - the apex clues you in that this involves...
AHN 568 Exam 2 Cardiac Assessment
During palpation of the pericardium you feel a thrill in the apex area late in diastole, you
know that this finding is consistent with which murmur?
- Aortic Stenosis
- Pulmonic Stenosis
- Mitral Stenosis
- Mitral Regurgitation - ✔️✔️Mitral stenosis - the apex clues you in that this involves the
mitral valve, and the fact that the thrill is felt during DIASTOLE you know that it must be
mitral stenosis.
If the femoral vein is absent or more diminished than the radial pulse you should
suspect?
- PAD
- PVD
- coarctation of the aorta
- aortic aneurysm - ✔️✔️Coactation of the aorta
S1 is the closure of the ________&________ valve - ✔️✔️mitral & tricuspid
(atrioventricular)
S1 marks the beginning of systole or diastole - ✔️✔️systole
S1 compliments which wave on the EKG - ✔️✔️R wave - the depolarization and
contraction of the ventricles causes the mitral & tricuspid valve to close.
S1 is best heard at the base or apex? - ✔️✔️Apex (Mitral & Tricuspid area)
5th ICS MCL
S2 is the closure of the ______ & _______ valve - ✔️✔️aortic & pulmonic (semilunar)
S2 marks the beginning of systole or diastole - ✔️✔️Diastole
S2 is heard best at the apex or base of the heart? - ✔️✔️Base (Aortic & Pulmonic
Area)
2nd ICS Right & Left sternal border.
The sound is S2 is mostly contributed from the closure of the Aortic or Pulmonic Valve -
✔️✔️Aortic
S2 is of higher pitch and shorter duration than S1.
True or false - ✔️✔️True
, A splitting S2 is a common finding in older adults.
True or False - ✔️✔️False
Common finding in children & young adults
The Atrial kick accounts for ___ % of blood that fills the ventricles - ✔️✔️25%
A splitting S2 is best auscultated in which valve area? - ✔️✔️Pulmonic
The splitting of S2 is the early/late closure of the aortic valve and the early/late closure
of the pulmonic valve - ✔️✔️Early closure of aortic valve
Late closure of the pulmonic valve
S1 and S2 are best auscultated with bell or diaphragm of the stethoscope -
✔️✔️Diaphragm
S3 and S4 are best auscultated with bell or diaphragm of the stethoscope - ✔️✔️Bell
The diaphragm is best used to detect high or low pitch sounds - ✔️✔️High
Bell of stethoscope detects high or low pitch sounds - ✔️✔️low
Splitting of S2 is best heard during inspiration or expiration - ✔️✔️Inspiration
Aortic Valve ausculatory area - ✔️✔️2nd Right ICS right sternal border
Pulmonic Valve ausculatory area - ✔️✔️2nd Left ICS left sternal border
Erb's point - ✔️✔️3rd ICS left sternal border
Second Pulmonic Area
Tricuspid valve area - ✔️✔️4th or 5th ICS left sternal border
Mitral Valve Area - ✔️✔️5th left ICS mid clavicular line
This extra heart sound is associated with conditions where fluid overload is present. (left
ventricular failure, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, anemia) - ✔️✔️S3
Extra heart sound also known as the ventricular gallop - ✔️✔️S3
S3 occurs 0.12-0.16 seconds after S1, S2, or S4? - ✔️✔️S2
A patient presents with complaints of swelling in their ankles and shortness of breath.
Physical exam reveals JVD, 2+ pitting edema, enlarged spleen, and crackles in their
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