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ADC2 TEST EXAM1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
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ADC2 TEST EXAM1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES20242025 LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
Which diagnostic test distinguishes between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss? a.
Audiometry
b. Whisper test
c. Weber test
d. Rinne's test - answer-Rinne's test
Rationale: Rinne's test is useful for distinguishing between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
The whisper test the patient with normal acuity can correctly repeat what was whispered. Audiometry is
used to detect hearing loss. The Webber test uses bone conduction to test lateralization of sound
The wide, cerebrospinal fluid containing space is between the _____ mater and the pia mater and is
called the _____ space.
a. dura; subarachnoid
b. pia; subdural
c. arachnoid; subarachnoid
d. arachnoid; subdural - answer-arachnoid ; subarachnoid
A signal moves through the parts of a single neuron in what order?
a. Dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminals
b. Axon terminals, axon, cell body, dendrites
c. Cell body, dendrites, axon, axon terminals
d. Axon, dendrites, axon terminals, cell body - answer-Dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminals
Which of the following is a symptom related to vertigo?
a. Spinning sensation
b. Fainting
c. Syncope
d. Loss of consciousness - answer-spinning sensation
,Rationale: vertigo is defined as the misperception or illusion of motion of the person or the
surroundings. Most people with vertigo describe a spinning sensation or say they feel as though objects
are moving around them.
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with cerebral aneurysm who reports severe headache. Which
action should the nurse perform?
a. Sit with the client for a few minutes
b. Administer an analgesic
c. Inform the nurse manager
d. Call the physician immediately - answer-Call the physician immediately
Rationale: the headache may be an indication that the aneurism is leaking. The nurse should notify the
physician immediately. Sitting with the client is appropriate but only after the physician has been
notified of the change in the client's condition. The physician will decide whether or not administration
of an analgesic is indicated. Informing the nurse manager is not necessary.
Which of the following terms refers to surgical repair of the tympanic membrane?
a. Tympanotomy
b. Myringotomy
c. Occiculoplasty
d. Tympanosplasty - answer-tympanoplasty
Rationale: tympanoplasty may be necessary to repair a scared eardrum. A tympanotomy is an incision
into the tympanic membrane. A myringotomy is an incision into the tympanic membrane. An
ossiculoplasty is a surgical reconstruction of the middle ear bones to restore hearing.
High doses of this medication can produce bilateral tinnitus?
a. Promethazine
b. Dramamine
c. Antivert
d. Aspirin - answer-Aspirin
,Rationale: at high doses, aspirin toxicity can produce bilateral tinnitus. Atnivert and Dramamine is use
for nausea and vomiting related to motion sickness. Antiemetics such as promethazine (Phenergan)
suppositories help control the nausea and vomiting and the vertigo because of the antihistamine effect
A 68-year-old man presents with a 3-month history of right arm tremor at rest. His movements have
been slower and he has difficulty getting out of a chair. Physical examination reveals rigidity in the upper
limbs. He walks with small steps and has limited ability to swing his arms. His facial expressions are
limited. Which of the following diagnoses match the described patient?
a. Alzheimer's disease
b. Depression
c. Parkinson's Disease
d. Raynaud disease - answer-Parkinson's Disease
After a plane crash a patient is brought to the ER with severe burns and respiratory difficulty. The nurse
helps to secure a patent airway and attends to the patients immediate needs, then prepares to perform
a neurologic assessment. Because the patient is unstable and in critical condition this examination must
be brief but should include:
a. Evaluation of corneal reflex response
b. Examination of the fundus of the eye
c. Assessment of the client's gait
d. Evaluation of bowel and bladder functions - answer-Evaluation of corneal reflex response
Rationale: during an acute crisis the examiner checks the corneal reflex response to rapidly assess brain
stem function. Other components of the brief initial neurologic assessment usually include level of
consciousness pupillary response and motor response in all arms and legs. If appropriate and if time
permits the nurse also may assess sensory responses of the arms and legs. Emergency assessment does
not include fundus examination unless the client has sustained direct eye trauma. The client shouldn't
be moved unnecessarily until the extent of injuries is known, making gait evaluation impossible. Bowel
and bladder functions aren't at this time vital so the nurse should delay their assessment.
Two days after a client undergoes repaired of a ruptured cerebral aneurism the physician prescribes
mannitol (Osmitrol) 1.5 mg/kg to be infused over 60 minutes. The client weights 175 lbs. The nurse
should administer how many milligrams of mannitol?
a. 263
b. 120
, c. 75
d. 60 - answer-120
Rationale: To determine the number of milligrams to administer, the nurse first must convert the clients
weight form pounds to kilograms using the following conversion factor:
2.2 lb = 1 kg
2.2 lb/175lb = 1 kg/ X kg 2.2
x X kg = 175 lb
X= 79.5 (rounded to 80)
Then the nurse calculates the dosage by multiplying the clients weight times the desired dose: 80
kg x 1.5 mg/kg = 120 mg
A client comes to the emergency department complaining of headache, malaise, chills, fever and a stiff
neck. Vital signs assessment reveals a temperature elevation, increased heart and respiratory rates and
normal blood pressure. On physical examination the nurse notes confusion a petechial rash nuchal
rigidity Brudzinski sign and Kerning's sign. What does Brudzinski sign indicate?
a. Increase intracranial pressure (ICP)
b. Cerebral edema
c. Low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure
d. Meningeal irritation - answer-Meningeal irritation
Rationale: Brudzinski sign indicates meningeal irritation as in meningitis. Other signs of meningeal
irritation include nuchal rigidity and Kerning's sign. : Brudzinski sign does not indicate increased ICP,
cerebral edema or low CSF pressure.
Which of the following manifestations is the most problematic for the patient diagnosed
with Menieres disease?
a. Hearing loss
b. Diaphoresis
c. Vertigo
d. Tinnitus - answer-vertigo
Rationale: vertigo is usually the most troublesome complaint related to Meniere's disease.
Other clinical manifestations include tinnitus diaphoresis and hearing loss
Which type of glaucoma presents an ocular emergency?
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