ITM207 Computer-Enabled Problem
Solving Notes (exam prep solution)
Toronto Metropolitan University
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Week 1
Living and Working with Computers
● Computers are used in all industries, including (but not limited to)
○ Education, healthcare, energy, communication, government,
transportation, commerce, manufacturing, entertainment
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● We live in an increasingly complex world
○ Population growth
○ Scarcity of resources
○ Climate change
○ Urbanization
○ Socio-political challenges
○ Globalization
○ Diversity
Business Problem Space
● The business problem space is increasing in complexity.
○ Global competition
■ Market share
■ Resources
■ Quantified labor
○ Global operation
■ Across distinct cultural and regulatory environments
○ Big-data deluge about customers
● Challenges human abilities to make efficient and effective business decisions
ICT and Business Management
● Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and associated analytical
tools have proven to be critical enables or efficient and effective practices
vis-a-vis:
○ Cost
○ Product & service quality
○ Customer satisfaction
● Business management can be categorized along the following general functions:
○ Operations Management (Day to day) ex. Maintaining the effective
management of a large store chain distributed across multiple
geographic locations
○ Strategic Management ex. Expanding the market for a company’s
products and services
● ICT is enabling business management:
○ gather/store/track/organize/retrieve business data and information
and use it at will
○ Codify business intelligence and apply it to the relevant
data/information - make decisions (operations & strategic)
○ Globally networked infrastructure for production, distribution, and
marketing of products and service marketing and provision
● What is the infrastructure underlying ICT?
○ Software:
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■ Programming languages
■ OS
■ Apps
■ DBMS
■ DSS
■ Middleware
○ Hardware (connectivity):
■ Computers
■ Network management systems
■ Net adapters, routers
■ Mobile COMP/COM devices
■ Sensors
■ Devices
● “As computation, communications, and information become increasingly
prominent throughout daily life, computational thinking becomes more
useful to the economic, intellectual, and social well-being of everyone”
● Information systems
○ ERP (enterprise resource planning)
○ SCM (supply chain management)
○ CRM (customer relationship management)
○ TPS (transaction processing systems)
○ DSS (decision support systems)
○ MIS (management information systems)
Week 2
Numbers
● Integers
○ All whole numbers and 0
● Natural Numbers
○ Include the number 0 and all positive integers
● Rational Numbers
○ Integers or numbers that can be expressed as a quotient of two integers
● Real Numbers
○ Include the above categories as well as numbers that cannot be
expressed as a quotient of two integers
Positional Notation
● The number 4269 can be written as:
○ 4269 = 4000 + 200 + 60 + 9
○ = 4*103 + 2*102 + 6*101 + 9*100
● The general formula for the positional notation of a number x in base R is:
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