Exam (elaborations)
NR222. Exam 1 Questions and Answers
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Exam of 26 pages for the course NR222 at NR222 (NR222. Exam 1)
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NR222. Exam 1assessment - answer nurse collects comprehensive data to pertinent to the patient's
health and/or the situation
diagnosis - answer nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or
issues
accountability - answer responsible professionally and legally for the type and quality of
nursing provided, ability to answer for one's own actions
caregiver - answer Helps patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and
symptoms, and attain a maximal level of function and independence through the healing
process
patient advocate - answer you protect your patient's human and legal rights and provide
assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises
educator - answer you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for
routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce
learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient's progress in learning
communicator - answeressential to the nurse-patient relationship; it allows you to know
your patients including their strengths, weaknesses, and needs
manager - answerCoordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering
nursing care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific
nursing unit or agency
Florence Nightingale - answerEstablished sanitary nursing care units. Founder of
modern nursing. began professional education of nursing.
Clara Barton - answerNurse during the Civil War; founder of the American Red Cross
Mother Bickerdyke - answerorganized ambulance services and walked abandoned
battlefields at night, looking for wounded soldiers.
Mary Mahoney - answerFirst professionally trained African American nurse; brought
cultural diversity and respect
Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster - answerOpened the Henry Street Settlement, focusing
on the health needs of the poor
,Mary Nutting - answerFirst Nursing professor at Columbia Teachers College.
Helped move nursing into universities.
health - answerA state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity
health beliefs - answerperson's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health and
illness. They may be based on factual information or misinformation, common sense or
myths, or reality or false expectations
positive health behaviors - answeractivities related to maintaining, attaining, or regaining
good health and preventing illness
negative health behaviors - answerinclude practices actually or potentially harmful to
health
health promotion model focuses on which 3 areas - answer(1) individual characteristics
and experiences
(2) behavior-specific knowledge and effect
(3) behavioral outcomes, in which the patient commits to or changes a behavior
health promoting behavior - answerthe desired behavioral outcome and the end point in
the HPM. Health-promoting behaviors result in improved health, enhanced functional
ability, and better quality of life at all stages of development
health promotion model (HPM) - answer-defines health as a positive, dynamic state, not
merely the absence of disease
-directed at increasing a patient's level of well-being
Maslow's hierarchy of needs - answer-model that nurses use to understand the
interrelationships of basic human needs
-basic human need are elements that are necessary for human survival and health
internal variables - answera person's developmental stage, intellectual background,
perception of functioning, and emotional and spiritual factors
external variables - answera person's health beliefs and practices include family
practices, socioeconomic factors, and cultural background
Nursing incorporates health promotion activities, wellness education, and illness
prevention activities rather than simply treating illness in three ways: - answer-
immunization programs
-routine exercise and good nutrition
-physical awareness, stress management, and self responsibility
, primary prevention - answerTrue prevention that lowers the chances that a disease will
develop
secondary prevention - answerFocuses on those who have health problems or illnesses
and are at risk for developing complications or worsening conditions
tertiary prevention - answerOccurs when a defect or disability is permanent or
irreversible
risk factors - answercharacteristics or behaviors that increase the likelihood of
developing a medical disorder or disease
examples:
-Genetic and physiological factors
-age
-environment
-lifestyle
Precontemplation stage - answerno intention of changing behavior
Contemplation stage - answerconsidering a change within the next 6 months
Preparation stage - answermaking small changes
Action stage - answeractively engaging in strategies to change behavior
Maintenance stage - answermaintaining a changed behavior
illness - answerA state in which a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social,
developmental, or spiritual functioning is diminished or impaired
acute illness - answerreversible, has a short duration, and is often severe. The
symptoms appear abruptly, are intense, and often subside after a relatively short period
chronic illness - answerpersists, usually longer than 6 months, is irreversible, and
affects functioning in one or more systems. Patients often fluctuate between maximal
functioning and serious health relapses that may be life threatening
illness behavior - answerInvolves how people monitor their bodies and define and
interpret their symptoms
Impact of Illness on the Patient and Family - answer-Behavioral and emotional changes
-Impact on body image
-Impact on self-concept
-Impact on family roles
-Impact on family dynamics
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