Nursing 202 Exam 2 Questions with Complete Answers
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Course
NUR 202
Institution
NUR 202
A nurse is assessing a client with a family history of cancer. Which finding requires immediate follow-up?
A. The client has gained 10 lb (4.5 kg) over the past year.
B. The client reports knee pain upon rising.
C. The client reports a feeling of a lump in the throat.
D. The client has a bloo...
Nursing 202 Exam 2 Questions with
Complete Answers
A nurse is assessing a client with a family history of cancer. Which finding requires
immediate follow-up?
A. The client has gained 10 lb (4.5 kg) over the past year.
B. The client reports knee pain upon rising.
C. The client reports a feeling of a lump in the throat.
D. The client has a blood pressure of 135/80 mmHg and a pulse rate of 70
beats/minute. - Answer-C. The client reports a feeling of a lump in the throat.
The sensation of a lump in the throat is one of the warning signs of esophageal cancer
and requires immediate follow-up. Other symptoms of esophageal cancer include
dysphagia, substernal pain, regurgitation of undigested food, foul breath, and hiccups. A
weight gain of 10 lb in a year, a blood pressure of 135/80 mmHg, and a pulse rate of 70
beats/minute are normal findings. Although the nurse should ultimately investigate the
complaint of pain in the knees upon rising, this finding isn't the priority at this time.
A client, age 42, visits the gynecologist. After examining the client, the healthcare
provider suspects cervical cancer. What will be most important for the nurse to include
in assessing the client's health history?
A. the onset of sexual activity
B. smoking history
C. diet and exercise
D. history of human papillomavirus infection - Answer-D. history of human
papillomavirus infection
The nurse would assess for risk factors associated with cervical cancer. The most
important risk factor for cervical cancer is human papillomavirus infection. The onset of
sexual activity may indirectly increase the risk of cervical cancer. Smoking is a risk
factor for cervical cancer but not the most important one. Diet and exercise are not
important risk factors for cervical cancer.
A client who is receiving chemotherapy expresses concern at the thought of losing hair
on the head. The nurse's best response is:
A. "Don't worry about your hair loss. A good wig can disguise that."
B. "No one knows how long it will take your hair to grow back. You'll have to learn to
cope with its loss."
C. "A little hair loss shouldn't concern you. You have more serious things to worry
about."
,D. "Your hair loss will be temporary. Would you like to tell me about your concerns?" -
Answer-D. "Your hair loss will be temporary. Would you like to tell me about your
concerns?"
Alopecia, which can occur with the administration of some chemotherapeutic agents, is
psychologically disturbing for many clients even though the loss is temporary. Clients
should be reassured that their hair will grow back. The nurse should encourage the
client to discuss any concerns and should explore the various options available to the
client (e.g., caps, wigs, scarves, turbans).
Telling the client not to worry about hair loss or that there are more serious worries
trivializes the client's concerns. Telling the client to learn to cope with hair loss conveys
negativity and harsh judgment and is likely to demoralize the client.
A client with a modified radical mastectomy is being discharged. The client has been
very reluctant to discuss the surgery or her situation. The nurse making assignments
should delegate the client's care to the:
A. unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) because the client is stable and being
discharged.
B. same nurse who has cared for her the past 3 days, for continuity of care.
C. nurse in orientation who needs experience in discharge instructions.
D. nurse with the most bed baths, because this client will not need a bath. - Answer-B.
same nurse who has cared for her the past 3 days, for continuity of care.
Continuity of care is crucial for this client to feel more comfortable about asking
questions and discussing her care at home. A UAP does not have the educational
preparation (registered nursing license) to provide discharge instructions. It is not
appropriate to assign this client to a nurse in orientation or one who needs assistance;
the priority need is continuity of care.
Which outcome is expected of a nursing referral to a cancer support group? The client
can:
A. choose the best treatment options.
B. find financial help.
C. obtain home health care.
D. cope with cancer. - Answer-D. cope with cancer.
Support groups are designed to educate clients and their families experiencing cancer
about the disease and methods of coping positively with it. These are self-help and
support groups monitored by professionals and cancer survivors who have undergone a
training course that helps them to facilitate small groups.
The family of an older adult with terminal cancer asks about having hospice services.
What should the nurse tell the family?
Hospice care:
,A. focuses only on the needs of the client.
B. can only be provided in the inpatient setting.
C. is staffed exclusively by professional health care workers.
D. focuses on supportive care for the client and family. - Answer-D. focuses on
supportive care for the client and family.
Hospice care focuses on supportive care for the client and family. Care for the family
may continue throughout the bereavement period. Hospice care involves care of the
client at home as well as in an inpatient setting. Although professional care is provided
in hospice, family members, volunteers, and unlicensed nursing personnel (UAP) also
participate in the care of the client.
The nurse teaches the client with chronic cancer pain about optimal pain control. Which
recommendation is most effective for pain control?
A. Get used to some pain, and use a little less medication than needed to keep from
being addicted.
B. Take prescribed analgesics on an around-the-clock schedule to prevent recurrent
pain.
C. Take analgesics only when pain returns.
D. Take enough analgesics around the clock so that you can sleep 12 to 16 hours a day
to block the pain. - Answer-B. Take prescribed analgesics on an around-the-clock
schedule to prevent recurrent pain.
The regular administration of analgesics provides a consistent serum level of
medication, which can help prevent breakthrough pain. Therefore, taking the prescribed
analgesics on a regular schedule is the best way to manage chronic cancer-related
pain. There is little risk for the client with cancer-related pain to become addicted.
Sleeping 12 to 16 hours a day would not allow the client to participate in usual daily
activities or preferred activities.
Which strategy will be most effective in improving transcultural communications with
oncology clients and their families?
A. Use touch to show concern and caring for the client.
B. Focus attention on verbal communication skills only.
C. Establish a rapport and listen to their concerns.
D. Maintain eye contact at all times. - Answer-C. Establish a rapport and listen to their
concerns.
It is important to establish rapport with the client and family by listening to verbal and
nonverbal concern and showing respect for cultural differences. The use of touch or eye
contact is culture-specific and cannot be generalized as an intervention for all
individuals with cancer. Miscommunication between individuals of different cultures is
often caused by language differences, rules of communication, age, and gender.
, he nurse is teaching the client who is receiving chemotherapy and the family how to
manage possible nausea and vomiting at home. What information should the nurse
include in the teaching plan?
A. Eating frequent, small meals.
B. Include soft foods in the diet.
C. Drink a milkshake made with fruit every day.
D. Limit the amount of fluid intake. - Answer-A. Eating frequent, small meals.
To reduce the adverse effects of chemotherapy such as nausea and vomiting, the nurse
can suggest that the client eat small meals more frequently, which will be better
tolerated while maintaining adequate nutrition. It is not necessary to eat soft food or
milkshakes blended with fruit. Fluid intake should be encouraged to avoid dehydration.
A client with chronic cancer pain has been receiving opiates for 4 months. She rated the
pain as an 8 on a 10-point scale before starting the opioid medication. Following a
thorough examination, there is no new evidence of increased disease, yet the pain is
close to 8 again. What is the most likely explanation for the increasing pain?
A. development of an addiction to the opioids
B. tolerance to the opioid
C. withdrawal from the opioid
D. placebo effect has decreased - Answer-B. tolerance to the opioid
Tolerance to an opioid occurs when a larger dose of the analgesic is needed to provide
the same level of pain control. The risk of addiction is low with opioids to treat cancer
pain. There are no data to support that this client is experiencing withdrawal. Although
the client may have experienced a placebo effect at one time, placebo effects tend to
diminish over time, especially in regard to chronic cancer pain.
A nurse is conducting a cancer risk screening program. Which client is at greatest risk
for skin cancer?
A. 45-year-old health care worker
B. 15-year-old high school student
C. 30-year-old butcher
D. 60-year-old mountain biker - Answer-D. 60-year-old mountain biker
Basal cell carcinoma occurs most commonly in sun-exposed areas of the body. The
incidence of skin cancer is highest in older people who live in the mountains or spend
outdoor leisure time at higher altitudes.
A client with brown hair is concerned about losing hair as a result of chemotherapy.
What should the nurse tell the client?
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