Nursing 202 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
Therapeutic effect - Answer-Expected or predicted physiological response
- increase Co, or decrease pain
Adverse effect - Answer-Unintended, undesirable, often unpredictable
Side effect - Answer-Predictable, unavoidable secondary effect
- nausea,vomiting
Toxic effect - Answer-Accumulation of medication in the bloodstream
- impaired metabolism
idiosyncratic reaction - Answer-an unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the
individual
- Benadryl making someone hyper instead of sleepy
Allergic reaction - Answer-An immunologic hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the
unusual sensitivity of a patient to a particular medication; a type of adverse drug event.
Medication interactions - Answer-when one med modifies the action of another
(Synergic affect)
Medication tolerance - Answer-more medication is required to achieve the same
therapeutic effect
-antianxiety medication
Medication dependence - Answer-physical and psychological
-can become ill if you stop taking the medication
Therapeutic range - Answer-May space out medication throughout day to maintain
therapeutic range (antibiotics)
Peak time - Answer-time it takes for a drug to get to the highest concentration in the
body
biological half-life - Answer-Length of time it takes body to excrete the medication to
reach the medication half peak concentration
Plateau - Answer-Blood serum concentration reached and maintained after repeated,
fixed dose
Trough - Answer-minimum blood serum concentration before next scheduled dose
, Medial errors - Answer-Third leading cause of death in the United States
How to reduce medical errors - Answer-- Performing medication reconciliation with
every patient encounter (when and why)
-be vigilant when ad,on-site ring high risk medication (double check with another nurse)
- consider medication as possible cause of new symptoms
- use computerized orders when possible
- bar code medication
- use smart pumps for infusions
-educate patient and family about medications, expected effects, common side effects,
and adverse effects to report PCP
Prohibited abbreviations - Answer-U, QD, MgSO4, R, cc
Standing orders or routine medication orders - Answer-Continue until discontinued or
until prescribed days are up
- tetracycline 500mg PO q6 hours x 10 days
Single orders - Answer-One time order. Common for pre-procedure
-ancestors 1 gram IV on call to OR
STAT order - Answer-Does needs to be administered immediately, one time
- naloxone 1 mg IV STAT
Now orders - Answer-More specific than one time order. Needs to be administered
within 90mins, not immediately
- vancomycin 1 gram IVPB NOW
What should a medication prescription inckude - Answer-Patient name, age and dob,
physician name, route for medication, how often, dosage, how much to dispense, and
refills if possible
Nurse's role in medication administration - Answer-Assess patient's ability to self-
administer,
determine whether patient should receive,
administer medication correctly,
closely monitor effects
do not delegate this task,
Provide patient teaching
Medication timing
Correct medication ordered
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