Why Define Nursing? - Answer--definitions clarify purposes and functions
-differentiate nursing from other health occupations
-influence health policy at local, state, and national levels
-focus educational curricula and research agendas
Definitions clarify purposes and functions - Answer--de...
Nursing 202 Exam 2 Chapter 5 Exam
Questions with Latest Update
Why Define Nursing? - Answer--definitions clarify purposes and functions
-differentiate nursing from other health occupations
-influence health policy at local, state, and national levels
-focus educational curricula and research agendas
Definitions clarify purposes and functions - Answer--defining nursing assists people to
grasp its nuances, many of which are not readily observable
Definitions differentiate nursing from other health occupations - Answer--5 mil. health
care providers in more than 80 different occupations represent approximately 60% of all
health care providers
-these resulting costs figured greatly into the redesign of the health care system over
the past decade and required the redefining of roles within the system
-defining nursing is important to avoid losing the core identity of nursing
-keeping nurses in key positions of influence as health care reform takes shape in the
next few years is crucial to fulfilling nursing's social contract with the public
Definitions Influence health policy at local, state, and national levels - Answer--without a
clear understanding, legislators/regulators cannot institute good health care policy that
maximizes use of nurses' particular skills to protect and improve the health of the public
-a key reason to define nursing is that nursing practice is regulated at the state level
-when the roles are well-defined, legislators can pass progressive laws regulating and
expanding nursing practice
Definitions focus educational curricula and research agendas - Answer--one of the
major determinants of the design is their definition of nursing
-a definition of nursing provides a good starting point for curriculum development
-without a good definition, deciding what to include in a nursing curriculum and how to
prioritize educational needs would be very difficult and unwieldly
Nightingale Defines Nursing - Answer--was the first person to recognize the
complexities of nursing that led to difficulty in defining it
-during her day, formal education in nursing was just beginning
-became the first person to attempt a written definition of nursing, stating, "And what
nursing has to do ... is put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him"
-informed observation has always been an integral part of the processes of nursing
-was also the first person to differentiate b/t nursing provided by a professional nurse
using a unique body of knowledge and physical care provided by a layperson such as a
mother caring for a sick child
, Shaw's Textbook of Nursing definition - Answer-"it properly includes, as well as the
execution of specific orders, the administration of food and medicine, the personal care
of the patient"
Harmer's Textbook of the Principles and Practice of Nursing definition - Answer-"The
object of nursing is not only to cure the sick ... but to bring health and ease, rest and
comfort to mind and body. Its object is to prevent disease and to preserve health"
Virginia Henderson redefined - Answer-"Nursing may be defined as that service to an
individual that helps him to attain or maintain a healthy state of mind or body"
Hildegard Peplau's definition (Post-WW2) - Answer-"Nursing is a significant,
therapeutic, interpersonal process ... Nursing is an educative instrument ... that aims to
promote forward movement of personality in the direction of creative, constructive,
productive, personal, and community living"
-reinforced the idea of the patient as an active collaborator in his/her own care
Post-WW2 Definitions - Answer--this war helped advance the tech availale to treat
people, which, in turn, influenced nursing
-also made nurses aware of the influential role emotions play in health, illness, and
nursing care
-as more nurses were educated at grad level and learned the research process, the
nursing theory came about
Dorothea Orem (Post-WW2) - Answer-"Nursing is perhaps best described as the giving
of direct assistance to a person, as required, because of the person's specific inabilities
in self-care resulting from a situation of personal health"
-believed that nurses should do for a person only those things the person cannot do
without assistance emphasized the patient's active role
Martha Rogers (Post-WW2) - Answer-"Nursing aims to assist people in achieving their
maximum health potential"
American Nursing Association - Answer-"the protection, promotion and optimization of
health and ability, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the
diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals,
families, communities and populations"
Code of Ethics for Nurses: "Nursing encompasses the prevention of illness, the
alleviation of suffering, and the protection, promotion, and restoration of health in the
care of individuals, families, groups, and communities"
Royal College of Nursing - Answer--largest professional union of nurses in the world
-2014 the RCN's Nursing Policy and Practice Committee upheld and confirmed the
continuing appropriateness of the 2003 def.
-it described nursing to persons who don't understand it
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