1. Advantages of Federalism - ANS-More opportunity for participation, regional
autonomy, power is divided, innovative solutions
2. Anti-Federalist's views on the scope and powers of the government - ANS-Opposed
the new Constitution; believed state legislatures could better protect their freedoms
3. Areas of the Bill of Rights influenced by the Enlightenment - ANS-Locke - right to
bear arms
4. Montesquieu - due process
5. Areas of the Constitution influenced by the Enlightenment - ANS-Rousseau -
property
6. Montesquieu - separation of powers
7. Areas of the Declaration of Independence influenced by the Enlightenment -
ANS-Locke - liberty and property
8. Argument points for ratifying the Constitution - ANS-Taxation, the federal judicial
system, loss of traditional rights
9. Characteristics of the New Jersey Plan - ANS-Unicameral, state based, national
government provides defense but doesn't override state authority
10. Characteristics of the Virginia Plan - ANS-Bicameral, population based, national
government can legislate for states and veto state law
11. Checks and Balances - ANS-Allows each branch of government to limit the powers of
the other branches. To prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
12. Consensual political rule - ANS-Without consent, rule would be illegitimate
13. Disadvantages of Federalism - ANS-Inefficiency, inflexibility, complex (many
governments to deal with), duplication of offices/functions ($), inequalities will persist
14. Federalism - ANS-A system in which power is divided between the national and state
governments. Has a written national constitution, national courts
15. Federalist's views on the scope and powers of the government - ANS-Supported the
new Constitution; believed that strong government was good for defense and
economic growth
16. Jean-Jacque Rousseau view of society and what social contract theory should
protect - ANS-World starts out good but declines with population increase; right to
liberty
17. John Locke view of society and what social contract theory should protect -
ANS-World is decent and rational; right to life, liberty, and property
18. Major compromises during the Constitutional Convention - ANS-Senate would have
equal number of reps from each state, House would have reps based on population,
combined ideas from both Virginia and New Jersey Plans
19. Major contributors to social contract theory - ANS-Thomas Hobbes, John Locke,
Jean-Jacque Rousseau, Montesquieu
20. Natural rights - ANS-The idea that all people have rights to life, liberty, and property
21. Powers held by the executive branch - ANS-Head of state, commander-in-chief of the
armed forces, chief diplomat, negotiate treaties
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