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FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024
NU 414 – Final Exam Questions and
Answers
What are the priority assessments for a pt that had a laryngectomy? - Ans:✔✔--Assess respiratory
function: s/s of respiratory distress & hypoxia, SpO2 , cyanosis
-Assess for hemorrhage: bleeding from the surgical site or within the trachea; monitor VS for decreased
BP, rapid weak pulse
-Assess for infection: increase in temperature, change in wound drainage, redness, tenderness, odor,
increased WBCs
-Assess for wound breakdown: assess the stoma; assess for hemorrhage or brusing
-Assess for aspiration: assess for residual, drowsiness, impaired swallowing; have suction readily
available
-Assess for tracheostomal stenosis: assess for infection, assess pressure of cuff, assess for narrowing
What equipment is needed at the bedside for a laryngectomy patient? - Ans:✔✔-Oxygen, intubation
equipment, call light, suction, trach tray, & trach equipment
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How will a patient with COPD present upon assessment? - Ans:✔✔-"Barrel" chest, cyanosis of the lips
and nails, tripod position, intercostal retractions
What are the classic signs and symptoms of asthma? - Ans:✔✔-Symptoms commonly occuring at night
and in the morning, wheezing, chest tightness
How is acute rhinosinusitis treated? - Ans:✔✔-The infection is treated with antibiotics, saline lavage and
decongestants for congestion, home remedies: hydration, steam, elevated HOB, saline nose drops
What are the signs and symptoms of acute coronary syndrome? - Ans:✔✔-unusual fatigue
shortness of breath
sleep disturbances
anxiety
fleeting chest discomfort
diaphoresis
pallor
What is the most common donor vessel used in a CABG? - Ans:✔✔-Greater saphenous vein
What are the side effects of common medications used to treat angina? - Ans:✔✔--Nitroglycerin:
headache, weakness, dizziness, nausea, hypotension
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-Aspirin: nausea, epigastric discomfort, dyspepsia
-Clopidogrel: dizziness, heache, dyspepsia, diarrhea
What are the EKG changes for ischemia? - Ans:✔✔-ST segment depression, T inversion
What are the EKG changes for infarction? - Ans:✔✔-ST segment elevation
What does T wave elevation indicate? - Ans:✔✔-Hyperkalemia
How is an Acute Myocardial Infarction treated? - Ans:✔✔-M: Morphine
O: Oxygen
N: Nitrates (Nitroglycerin)
A: Aspirin/Antiplatelets (Clopidogrel)
What are the signs and symptoms of right sided heart failure? - Ans:✔✔--Right HF specific:
hepatomegaly, hepatojugular reflux, ascites, JVD
-Typical: dyspnea, cyanosis, cachexia
What are the s/s of left sided heart failure? - Ans:✔✔-dyspnea, pulmonary congestion, crackles,
pulmonary edema
What are home management interventions for heart failure? - Ans:✔✔--restricting sodium
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