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NUR 590 Exam Three Study Guide With Complete Solution

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  • NUR 590
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  • NUR 590

NUR 590 Exam Three Study Guide With Complete Solution...

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  • October 23, 2024
  • 112
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NUR 590
  • NUR 590
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NUR 590 Exam Three Study Guide With
Complete Solution


Components of Neurology Physical Exam - ANSWER 1: test cranial nerves
1-12

2: Evaluate coordination and fine motor skills

3: Evaluate balance

4: Observe gait

5: Test primary senses

6: Test cortical sensory response

7: Assess superficial and deep tendon reflexes

Main units of the brain - ANSWER 1: Cerebrum

2: Cerebellum

3: Brainstem

Where does the brain receive blood supply from? - ANSWER 1: *2 internal
carotid arteries*

2: *2 Vertebral arteries*

Where does blood from the brain drain? - ANSWER It drains through venous
plexuses and dural sinuses

- they empty into the internal juguar veins

,Parts of the Cerebrum - ANSWER 1. Cerebral cortex

2. Hemispheres

3. Frontal lobe

4. Parietal lobe

5. Occipital lobe

6. Temporal lobe

7. Basal ganglia

Cerebral cortex - ANSWER Gray, outer layer

- houses higher mental functions

Hemispheres - ANSWER - The brain has 2 hemispheres

- they control contralateral (opposite) side of body

What connects the two hemispheres of the brain? - ANSWER Commissural
fibers called the *corpus callosum*

Frontal lobe of the brain - ANSWER Contains motor cortex

- associted with *voluntary skeletal muscle movement, fine motor
movements and control eye movements*

Parietal lobe of the brain - ANSWER - Responsible for processing *sensory
data*

- Assists with interpretation of tactile sensations

- recognition of body parts and awareness of body position

What is proprioception? - ANSWER Recognition of body parts and awareness

,of body position

Which part of the brain is responsible for proprioception? - ANSWER Parietal
lobe

Occiptal lobe - ANSWER Contains primary vision center

Temporal lobe - ANSWER Responsible for perception and interpretation of
sounds

- reception and interpretation of speech is located in *Wernicke area*

Basal Ganglia - ANSWER Functions and extrapyraidal pathway and
processing station between cerebral motor cortex and upper brainstem

Cerebellum - ANSWER - Aids in motor cortex of cerebrum in integration of
voluntary movements

- processes sensory information from the eyes, ears, touch receptors and
musculoskeletal system

- Uses sensory data for reflexive control of muscle tone, balance and posture
to produce steady and precise movements

*Cerebellum hemispheres have ipsilateral control of the body*

What part of the brain has ipsilateral control of the body? - ANSWER The
cerebellum

What part of the brain has contralateral control of the body? - ANSWER The
hemispheres of the cerebrum

The Brain stem - ANSWER - The pathway between cerebral cortex and spinal
cord

, - *Structures:* medulla, pons, midbrain, diencephalon

- *thalamus* is responsible for perception of various sensations such as pain
and temperature

Sructures of the Brainstem (4) - ANSWER 1. Medulla oblongata

2. Pons

3. Midbrain

4. Diencephalon

The spinal cord - ANSWER - 40-50 cm long

- begins at foreman magnum and continues until L1-L2

- Gray matter consisting of anterior and posterior horns contains nerve cell
bodies associated with sensory pathways in the autonomic nervous system

- white matter of spinal cord contains ascending and descending spinal tracts

- upper motor neurons

Posterior tract of spinal cord (ascending) - ANSWER Carries fibers for
*sensation* of fine touch, to pint discrimination and proprioception

Descending spinal cord tracts - ANSWER Convey impulses from the brain to
various muslce groups

*motor*

Upper motor neurons of spinal cord - ANSWER Nerve cell bodies for motor
pathways that all begin and end within central nervous system

Spinal Nerves - ANSWER - 31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord and

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