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NUR 339 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 7 | ALL Q&AS BRAND NEW GUARANTEED A++
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NUR 339 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 7 | ALL Q&AS BRAND NEW GUARANTEED A++
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NUR 339 Exam 71. What is the role of salivary secretions?
Answer
protects the oral mucosa/coats food as it passes through the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus
contains enzyme lysozyme (antibacterial) contains ptyalin and amylase (digestion of starch)
2. What is the role of gastric secretions?
Answer
protection of pyloric mucosa
3. What do pyloric glands secrete?
Answer
mucus and gastrin
4. What do oxyntic glands secrete?
Answer
mucous neck cells and peptic chief cells
5. What do peptic (chief) cells secrete?
Answer
pepsinogen
6. What do parietal cells secrete?
Answer
HCl and intrinsic factor
7. What is the gastric mucosal barrier?
Answer
tight junction in epithelial cell to prevent acid penetration, covered with hydrophobic lipid layer
8. What 2 things can cross the hydrophobic lipid layer?
,Answer
alcohol and aspirin
9. What does the pancreas secrete to aid in digestion?
Answer
trypsin (breakdown dietary proteins)
pancreatic amylase (breaks down starch/lipases/triglycerides)
10. How does the gallbladder aid in digestion?
Answer
stores and concentrates bile (breaks down fats)
secretes bile through bile duct into duodenum (stimulated by entrance of food)
11. How does the liver aid in digestion?
Answer
produces bile processes and stores (CHOs, fats/proteins, vitamins/minerals) synthesizes
cholesterol and triglycerides
regulates metabolism of fats, CHO, and proteins
12. What does the liver excrete?
Answer
bile and cholesterol converts ammonia to urea
eliminates bilirubin
detoxifies drugs, hormones, and foreign substances
13. what is bile essential for?
Answer
fat digestion and absorption (emulsifies)
14. What cells release pancreatic enzymes?
Answer
, acinar cells
15. Where is the bile duct formed?
Answer
when the common hepatic duct unites with the cystic duct
16. what is the most common disorder of the esophagus?
Answer
GERD (gastroe- sophageal reflux disease)
17. what is the cause of GERD?
Answer
weak lower esophageal sphincter and increased intraabdominal pressure
18. manifestations of GERD
Answer
regurgitation (especially after meals) heartburn
pain or burning in retrosternal area (may radiate to shoulder or back) wheezing, cough,
hoarseness
19. contributing factors of reflux
Answer
food (fats, chocolate, caffeine) fluids (caffeine, alcohol)
medications (that depress CNS) gastric distention (large meals) cigarette smoking
recumbent posture (laying down after eating)
20. What medications are used to treat GERD?
Answer
antacids H2 blocking agents
Proton pump inhibitors
21. How is GERD diagnosed?
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