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NUR 330 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 7 | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 330 ( LATEST 2024 / 2025 ) EXAM 7 | PASSED | A+ RATED GUIDE | NEW FULL EXAM
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NUR 330 Exam 71. What is asthma?
Answer
chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes hyper- responsiveness, mucosal edema,
and mucous production
2. Asthma is largely reversible
Answer
spontaneously or with treatment
3. the strongest predisposing factor of asthma
Answer
Allergies
4. early phase response in asthma
Answer
Vascular congestion Edema formation
Production of thick, tenacious mucus
Bronchial muscle spasm
Thickening of airway walls
5. late phase response in asthma
Answer
-Occurs within 4 to 10 hours after initial attack
-Can be more severe than early phase and can last for 24 hours or longer
-If airway inflammation is not treated or does not resolve, it may lead to irreversible lung
damage
6. Triggers for asthma
Answer
,-Allergens
-Exercise
-Air Pollutants
-Occupational Factors
-Respiratory Infection
-Nose and Sinus Problems
-Drugs and Food Additives
-Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
-Emotional Stress
7. clinical manifestations of asthma
Answer
Recurrent episodes of coughing, wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness
Can progress to respiratory alkalosis and respiratory acidosis
8. Why can't wheezing gauge severity of asthma?
Answer
no wheeze means no air is passing through and they are likely not breathing
9. An acute attack of asthma reveals what?
Answer
signs of hypoxemia (restlessness, increase in anxiety, inappropriate behavior, high pulse, high
blood pressure)
10. severe acute asthma attack
Answer
æRespiratory rate >30/min æPulse >120/min
æUsually seen in ED or hospitalized
11. Life threatening asthma attack
Answer
-Too dyspneic to speak
,-Require hospital care and often admitted to ICU
12. Diagnostic tests for asthma
Answer
-Detailed history and physical exam
-Pulmonary function tests
-Peak flow monitoring
-Chest x-ray
-ABGs
-Oximetry
-Allergy testing
-Blood levels of eosinophils
-Sputum culture and sensitivity
13. Mild intermittent and mild persistent asthma
Answer
Avoid triggers of acute attacks and Premedicate before exercising.
14. Acute asthma episode
Answer
Respiratory distress and treatment depends upon severity and response to therapy.
15. Severe exacerbations
Answer
æMost therapeutic measures same as for acute episode. ‘ in frequency and dose of
bronchodilators
æIV corticosteroids are administered every 4 to 6 hours, then are given orally. æContinuous
monitoring of patient is critical.
æIV magnesium sulfate is given as a bronchodilator.
æSupplemental O2 is given by mask or nasal cannula for 90% O2 saturation. æIV fluids are
given because of insensible loss of fluids.
16. Quick relief medications for asthma
, Answer
-beta2-adrenergic agonists
-anticholinergics, systemic corticosteroids
17. Long acting medications for asthma
Answer
- Corticosteroids
- Long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonists
- Leukotriene modifiers
18. Types of anti-inflammatory drugs
Answer
-Corticosteroids (e.g., beclomethasone, budesonide)
-NSAIDs
-Antihistamines
-Leukotriene modifiers
19. Why is inhalation the preferred route for asthma medication administra- tion?
Answer
less risk of systemic side effects
20. Why use a MDI with a spacer?
Answer
improves inhalation of the drug
21. Why is DPI (dry powered inhaler) used with older adults?
Answer
Requires less coordination and ability of the hands to inhale
22. Important patient teaching for asthma
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