Biology 252 Exam 2 Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Course
2024/2025
Institution
2024/2025
Biology 252 Exam 2 Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Describe the cells of the bone tissue - Ans:--Osteogenic cells
-Osteoblasts
-Osteocytes
-Osteoclasts
What membrane lines the internal canals and the small cavities of the compact and spongy bones? -
Ans:-Endosteum
What is the periosteum...
2. In middle of cartilage (primary oss. center), chondrocytes die, and the thin wall calcify. Perichondrium
cells become osteoblasts and form bony collar-periosteum.
3. Blood vessels grow into primary oss. center. Osteoclasts come and hollow out calcified center (primary
marrow cavity). Osteoblasts come and deposit bone, thickening shaft. Second oss. center develops at
ends of bone.
4. Second oss. center hollows out secondary marrow cavity. Dividing line is formed-metaphysis.
5. Epiphyseal plate surrounding by metaphysis exists; enables bones to grow in length and width.
6. No more cartilage=no more room to grow; only cartilage is articular cartilage, which needs to stay
mushy
What is the effect of inadequate levels of calcium in the diet of an adult on the skeleton? - Ans:✔✔-Since
we need calcium for everything, the parathyroid hormone stimulates osteoclast activity and breaks
down bones to release calcium. Bones become brittle and porous.
The epiphyseal cartilage becomes ossified in our youth. On the other hand, the articular cartilage does
not become ossified. Why is that advantageous? - Ans:✔✔-Growth of articular cartilage results in an
increase in the size of the epiphyses. This is only one of the functions of articular cartilage; it also forms a
smooth, resilient covering over the ends of the epiphyses within joints. Ossified articular cartilage could
not perform that function.
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