Exam (elaborations)
NURS 611 Exam 4 Questions And Answers
- Course
- Institution
NURS 611 Exam 4 Questions And Answers...
[Show more]
Content preview
NURS 611 Exam 4 Questions And AnswersWhat is GERD?
the reflux of acid and pepsin from the stomach into the esophagus
what is a secondary condition that develops because of GERD?
esophagitis
what are causes of GERD?
- abnormalities in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function
- esophageal motility
- gastric motility or emptying
What are triggers for gastric reflux?
- spontaneous relaxation of the LES triggered by gastric distention after meals
- diet and lifestyle factors:
-- food intake that delays gastric emptying
--acid foods
--obesity
What increased intraabdominal pressures contribute to GERD and reflux esophagitis?
vomiting
coughing
lifting
bending
,pregnancy
what type of hernia contributes to reflux?
sliding hiatal hernia
what contributes to the severity of injury with GERD?
the high acidity (ph=2)
presence of bile salts
presence of pancreatic or intestinal enzymes
what are long term consequences of reflux?
premalignant lesions
--> adenocarcinoma
what happens to the esophageal tissue in the presence of chronic reflux?
- mucosal injury
- inflammation
- hyperemia
- increased capillary permiability
- edema
- tissue fragility
- errosion
hiatal hernia
characterized by a protrusion or bulging of an abdominal structure into the thoracic
, cavity
what causes a hiatal hernia?
weakening of the diaphragm muscle
what are the three types of hiatal hernia?
Type 1) sliding
Type 2) paraoesophageal
Type 3) mixed
what is a sliding hiatal hernia?
the proximal portion of the stomach moved into the thoracic cavid through the
esophageal hiatus
what is the esophageal hiatus?
opening in the diaphragm for the esophagus and the vagus nerves
What is the feature of the sliding hiatal hernia that earned it it's name?
laying in the supine position causes the lower esophagus and stomach to be pulled into
the thorax, as the pt stands, organs slide back into the abdomen
What accentuates a hiatal hernia?
increased resting abdominal pressure
- coughing
- bending
- tight clothing
- ascities
- obesity
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Easton. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83662 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now