what is primary Hypertension? Essential or idiopathic, elevated BP without an identified cause, accounts for 90 - 95% of all cases of hypertension?
What are the two major necrotic processes? Coagulative and liquifactive
What is coagulative necrosis? necrosis caused y interruption of blo...
continued no blood flow in 10 seconds ischemia, 20 minutes cell die
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
What consequence of cell death leads to CP?
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-i- i- hypoxia as cannot i- i- i-
meet cell demand for oxygen
i- i- i- i-
How is MI diagnosed
i- i- i- i-i- i- EKG (STEMI) or elevated Troponin (non-STEMI)
i- i- i- i- i-
,What might you find in blood consistent with MI?
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-i- i- elevated CK MB, i- i- i-
Troponin
Where does CK MB and Troponin come from?
i- Release of lysosomal
i- i- i- i- i- i- i-i- i- i- i- i-
enzymes; CK MB detected after myocardial necrosis, Troponin released
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
from damaged heart muscle
i- i- i-
3 mechanism of cell injury related to reperfussion injury
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-i- i- ischemia, i-
necrosis, reperfussion l/t RAS i- i- i-
define reperfussion injury injury that occurs after oxygen is
i- i- i-i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
reintroduced to tissue perfusion i- i- i-
how does inflammatory process contribute to reperfussion injury?
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-i- i-
as oxygen is reintroduced it comes in contact with damaged proteins
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
triggering inflammatory response i- i-
how does oxidative process contribute to RI?
i- i-RAS causes impairment i- i- i- i- i-i- i- i- i- i-
of cell membrane and pro-apotptoic cells release. making cell unstable
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
what is secondary hypertension?
i- i- Elevated BP, labile BP; related to i- i-i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
conditions ie kidney dz; resistant to BP meds i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
, what is significance of Ventricular hypertrophy and HTN?
i- i- persistent i- i- i- i- i- i-i- i- i-
hypertension leads to ventricular hypertrophy; decrease CO
i- i- i- i- i- i-
what comorbidities/conditions does HTN cause?
i- i- i- i- i-i- i- stroke, ischemia, i- i-
heart failure, aneurysm, hemorrhage
i- i- i-
what is preload?
i- i- i-i- i- volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
what is afterload?
i- i- peripheral resistance against which the left i-i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
ventricle must pump i- i-
hoe does HTN l/t CHF?
i- overwork left ventricle due to increase
i- i- i- i-i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
pressure; decreased pumping ability of heart and decreases CO.
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
identify pathological process of gangrene?
i- form of coagulative i- i- i- i-i- i- i- i- i-
necrosis; interruption of blood flow l/t denaturing cells enzymes and
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
bacterial invasion i-
three types of gangrene
i- i- i- i-i- i- dry, wet & gas i- i- i-
what is the major treatment approach for gangrene?
i- i- i- removing i- i- i- i- i-i- i- i-
affective tissue to prevent infection; treating problem that led to
i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i- i-
gangrene
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