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patho 370 - week 2 questions with 100- correct answers(latest update).
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patho 370 - week 2 questions with 100- correct answers(latest update).
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patho 370 - week 2 questionswith 100% correct
answers(latest update)
What is type I hypersensitivity immune reactant, antigen form, mechanism
of activation, and examples? - answer reactant: IgE
Antigen form: soluble antigen
Mechansim:
-Allergen-specific IgE antibodies bind to mast cells via their Fc receptor.
-When the specific allergen binds to the IgE, cross-linking of IgE induces
degranulation of mast cells.
Examples:
- Local and systemic anaphylaxis
-Seasonal hay fever
- Food allergies
- Drug allergies
(fastest)
What is type II hypersensitivity immune reactant, antigen form,
mechanism of activation, and examples? - answer reactant: IgG OR IgM
Antigen: cell-bound antigen
Mechanism:
-IgG or IgM antibody binds to cellular antigen, leading to complement
activation and cell lysis.
-IgG can also mediate ADCC with cytotoxic T cells, natural killer cells,
macrophages and neutrophils.
Examples:
- RBC destruction after transfusion with mismatched blood types during
hemolytic disease of the newborn
, What is type III hypersensitivity immune reactant, antigen form,
mechanism of activation, and examples? - answer reactant: IgG AND IgM
Antigen: soluble antigen
Mechanism:
- Antigen-antibody complexes are deposited on tissues.
- Complement activation provides inflammatory mediators and recruits
neutrophils.
-Enzymes released neutrophils damage tissue.
Example:
- Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
-Rheumatoid arthritis
-Systemic lupus erythematosus
What is type IV hypersensitvity immune reactant, antigen form,
mechanism of activation, and examples? - answer reactant: T Cells
Antigen: soluble or cell-bound antigen
Mechanism:
- TH1 cells secrete cytokines, which activate macrophages and cytotoxic T
cells.
Examples:
- Contact dermatitis
-Type I diabetes mellitus
-Multiple sclerosis
-tuberculin-type (peaks 48-72 hrs)
(slowest)
What is excessive immune response? - answer A type of alteration in
immune function: over or hyper-function of immune system
What is deficient immune response? - answer A type of alteration in
immune function: ineffective immune response
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