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PSYCH 282 Exam- Fear and Anxiety Reduction Procedures with Correct Solutions
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PSYCH 282 Exam- Fear and Anxiety Reduction Procedures with Correct Solutions
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PSYCH 282 Exam- Fear andAnxiety Reduction Procedures
with Correct Solutions
3 types of attention-focusing exercises - ANSWER guided imagery, autogenic training,
meditation
guided imagery - ANSWER - person imagines pleasant and peaceful scenes and
images
- therapist guides the person through a script that describes what is experienced by
each of the senses in the situation
e.g., walking along a beach, or floating on a cloud
- attention is focused on the scene instead of anxiety-provoking thoughts and feelings
- can be done in person with a therapist or while listening to an audio recording
autogenic training - ANSWER (autogenic = "self-produced")
- person imagines being in a pleasant and peaceful scene and experiencing specific
bodily sensations, such as their arms feeling warm or heavy
- instructions specify which part of the body to focus on, what feeling to imagine; this
is followed by a rest period, and is repeated three times
- a full session involving all parts of the body takes about 35 minutes
, - more suitable than progressive muscle relaxation for those people who have chronic
pain or difficulty moving
meditation - ANSWER - the process of contemplating or focusing one's attention on
an object, event, or idea to help the person become detached or dissociated from their
physical states, thoughts, and feelings
- focus can be on a meditation stimulus, like a visual object (e.g., a flower), a
mantra (word-like sound), or person's own breathing
- successfully applied to chronic pain by focusing on and separating physical
sensations from the cognitive and emotional reactions to pain
- alleviates anxiety and depression to a similar degree as antidepressant drug therapy
- but low/no evidence of any effect on positive mood, substance use, eating
habits, sleep, and weight (Goyal et al., 2014)
4 essential components of mediatation - ANSWER 1. quiet, distraction-free location
2. specific, comfortable posture
3. open attitude
4. focus of attention
behavioural relaxation training - ANSWER - involves relaxing different muscle
groups, and adopting certain relaxed body postures
- similar to PMR, but does not include the muscle tensing component
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